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European Investment Bank to Help Egypt Overcome ‘Scarcity of Resources’

View of a COP27 sign on the road leading to the conference area, Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, October 20, 2022. REUTERS/Sayed Sheasha
View of a COP27 sign on the road leading to the conference area, Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, October 20, 2022. REUTERS/Sayed Sheasha
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European Investment Bank to Help Egypt Overcome ‘Scarcity of Resources’

View of a COP27 sign on the road leading to the conference area, Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, October 20, 2022. REUTERS/Sayed Sheasha
View of a COP27 sign on the road leading to the conference area, Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, October 20, 2022. REUTERS/Sayed Sheasha

The Egyptian presidency has sought to put water at the heart of climate action to overcome water scarcity and improve its resources.

Dr. Hani Sewilam, Egypt’s Minister of Water Systems, and Irrigation, inaugurated on Monday the COP27’s Thematic Day for Water, announcing the Action on Water Adaptation or Resilience (AWARe), an initiative that will focus on inclusive cooperation to address water related challenges and solutions across climate change adaptation.

Sewilam said that the international initiative was prepared in partnership with the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and other international bodies, under the umbrella of a number of international coalitions such as the Water and Climate Coalition, the Adaptation Action Coalition, as well as the Marrakesh Partnership Climate Action Pathway Water.

Monday’s event was attended by Ambassador Ayman Amin Tharwat, Deputy Director for the Department of Climate, Environment and Sustainable Development for the Egyptian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Dr. Elena Manaenkova, Deputy Secretary General of WMO.

“The Global Water Crisis is affecting billions of people worldwide. The AWARe initiative will catalyze inclusive cooperation to address water as a key to climate change adaptation and its co-benefits, as well as enhanced resilience,” the minister said.

Meanwhile, the European Investment Bank plans to provide new financing to Egypt worth $1.5 billion, mostly focused on the water treatment sector, according to Gelsomina Vigliotti, the Bank’s vice president.

During an interview with Bloomberg, on the sidelines of the Climate Summit (COP27) in Sharm el-Sheikh, Vigliotti noted that the Bank would collaborate with the Egyptian government to link water, food, and energy projects in order to actualize a strategy that would be considerate of climate change in several aspects pertaining to the economy and the impact on the population.

She added that the bank would also work with Egypt in the transport and energy sectors, given their association with carbon dioxide emissions.

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Arab World

Iraqis Face Tough Homecoming a Decade after ISIS Rampage

A woman and a boy in the camp near Hassan Shami for the internally displaced. Safin HAMID / AFP
A woman and a boy in the camp near Hassan Shami for the internally displaced. Safin HAMID / AFP
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Iraqis Face Tough Homecoming a Decade after ISIS Rampage

A woman and a boy in the camp near Hassan Shami for the internally displaced. Safin HAMID / AFP
A woman and a boy in the camp near Hassan Shami for the internally displaced. Safin HAMID / AFP

A decade after the ISIS group extremists rampaged through northern Iraq, Moaz Fadhil and his eight children finally returned to their village after languishing for years in a displacement camp.
Their home, Hassan Shami, is just a stone's throw from the tent city where they had been living, and it still bears the scars of the fight against ISIS.
The militants seized a third of Iraq, ruling their self-declared "caliphate" with an iron fist, before an international coalition wrestled control from them in 2017.
Seven years on, many of the village's homes are still in ruins and lacking essential services, but Fadhil said he felt an "indescribable joy" upon moving back in August.
Iraq -- marred by decades of war and turmoil even before the rise of ISIS -- is home to more than a million internally displaced people.
Baghdad has been pushing for the closure of the displacement camps, with the country having attained a degree of comparative stability in recent years.
Most of the camps in federal Iraq have now been closed, but around 20 remain in the northern autonomous Kurdistan region, which according to the United Nations house more than 115,000 displaced people.
But for many, actually returning home can be a difficult task.
After getting the green light from Kurdish security forces to leave the camp, Fadhil moved his family into a friend's damaged house because his own is a complete ruin.
'Beautiful memories'
"Water arrives by tanker trucks and there is no electricity," said the 53-year-old.
Although the rubble has been cleared from the structure he now lives in, the cinder block walls and rough concrete floors remain bare.
Across Hassan Shami, half-collapsed houses sit next to concrete buildings under construction by those residents who can afford to rebuild.
Some have installed solar panels to power their new lives.
A small new mosque stands, starkly white, beside an asphalt road.
"I was born here, and before me my father and mother," said Fadhil, an unemployed farmer.
"I have beautiful memories with my children, my parents."
The family survives mainly on the modest income brought in by his eldest son, who works as a day laborer on building sites.
"Every four or five days he works a day" for about $8, said Fadhil.
In an effort to close the camps and facilitate returns, Iraqi authorities are offering families around $3,000 to go back to their places of origin.
To do so, displaced people must also get security clearance -- to ensure they are not wanted for extremist crimes -- and have their identity papers or property rights in order.
But of the 11,000 displaced people still living in six displacement camps near Hassan Shami, 600 are former prisoners, according to the UN.
They were released after serving up to five years for crimes related to membership of ISIS.
Not that simple
For them, going home can mean further complications.
There's the risk of ostracism by neighbors or tribes for their perceived affiliation with IS atrocities, potential arrest at a checkpoint by federal forces or even a second trial.
Among them is 32-year-old Rashid, who asked that we use a pseudonym because of his previous imprisonment in Kurdistan for belonging to the extremist ISIS group.
He said he hopes the camp next to Hassan Shami does not close.
"I have a certificate of release (from prison), everything is in order... But I can't go back there", he said of federal Iraq.
"If I go back it's 20 years" in jail, he added, worried that he would be tried again in an Iraqi court.
Ali Abbas, spokesperson for Iraq's migration ministry, said that those who committed crimes may indeed face trial after they leave the camps.
"No one can prevent justice from doing its job", he said, claiming that their families would not face repercussions.
The government is working to ensure that families who return have access to basic services, Abbas added.
In recent months, Baghdad has repeatedly tried to set deadlines for Kurdistan to close the camps, even suing leaders of the autonomous region before finally opting for cooperation over coercion.
Imrul Islam of the Norwegian Refugee Council said displacement camps by definition are supposed to be temporary, but warned against their hasty closure.
When people return, "you need schools. You need hospitals. You need roads. And you need working markets that provide opportunities for livelihoods," he said.
Without these, he said, many families who try to resettle in their home towns would end up returning to the camps.