Saudi Arabia, Japan Sign 15 Agreements, Establishing Qualitative Partnership

The Saudi-Japanese Investment Forum was held in Riyadh. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
The Saudi-Japanese Investment Forum was held in Riyadh. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Arabia, Japan Sign 15 Agreements, Establishing Qualitative Partnership

The Saudi-Japanese Investment Forum was held in Riyadh. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
The Saudi-Japanese Investment Forum was held in Riyadh. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

The Saudi-Japanese Investment Forum in Riyadh resulted in the signing of 15 agreements covering technology, artificial intelligence, industry and clean energy.

Riyadh and Tokyo announced they plan to move to a qualitative partnership as an essential pillar for joint future-building projects in industrial and digital transformation.

The forum stressed the need to move towards broad cooperation in qualitative fields and boost investment relations between Saudi Arabia and Japan in all areas.

Saudi Minister of Investment Khalid al-Falih and Japanese Minister of Economy, Trade, and Industry Nishimura Yasutoshi attended the event.

The forum underscored 40 Japanese investments that have taken place in the Kingdom since 1973 and another 40 memorandums of understanding (MoU) signed during a virtual meeting in 2019.

Falih revealed that 99 Japanese companies are investing in Saudi Arabia in specific sectors, acknowledging that the investment between the two countries falls short of aspirations.

He stressed that the two countries had bolstered their relationship with tremendous dedication as the Kingdom targets $3.3 trillion worth of investments with Japan by 2030.

E-sports

Falih said Saudi Arabia aims to become a major hub for gaming and e-sports by 2030 with content that can be exported to the region and globally, noting that the Kingdom sought to build the five largest marine industry parks in the world in Ras al-Khair.

The minister explained that Riyadh and Tokyo focus on several sectors, including energy, stressing that they plan to bolster cooperation through energy transformation.

He noted that the investment relationship between the two countries over the past seven decades focused on oil and petrochemicals, while the focus is now on new energies.

Saudi Arabia is focusing on manufacturing, said Falih, adding that the Kingdom is cooperating with Japan in four areas, including minerals, marine industries, petrochemicals, flexible global supply chain, and the automotive industry, which is targeting production of more than 500,000 electric vehicles (EV) annually by 2030.

The Saudi minister underlined that the 15 agreements signed on the forum's sidelines will increase mutual investments between Riyadh and Tokyo and achieve the goals of Saudi Vision 2030 that align with the strategic directions of the Japanese government.

The agreements signed in energy, hydrogen, and ammonia, will enable the two countries to build qualitative partnerships in energy in the long run.

Clean energy

Falih pointed out that the existing transformation would continue and accelerate in clean and new energy, explaining that Saudi Arabia is determined to be the major country in this field under the directives of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.

Japan is one of the three largest investing countries in the Kingdom, affirmed the minister, noting that it boasts mega investments in Jubail factories, the electrical appliances field, and several sectors, exceeding billions of dollars.

Moreover, the Global Supply Chain Resilience Initiative (GSCRI), launched by Crown Prince Mohammed in October, aligns with Japan's need to expand production.

It will benefit from the Kingdom's competitive edge in terms of production cost, strategic location, and availability of primary materials, as well as the skilled Saudi workforce, which has proven its competitiveness in many companies, including Japanese ones.

Falih asserted that Japan is Saudi Arabia's friend because it is one of the most advanced countries in technology, industries, and logistics in global trade, digital technology, and quality of life.

Mutual investments

Furthermore, he pointed out that mutual investments between their countries started with Vision 2030 to move to new qualitative fields with advanced technologies, indicating that Crown Prince Mohammed directed officials to establish a joint committee to achieve partnerships with Japan and its private sector.

He added that Saudi officials held the last meeting several weeks ago in Tokyo. They met many leading companies in energy, hydrogen, and ammonia, adding that the two sides signed several agreements, establishing a qualitative model partnership.

The strong Saudi-Japanese relations relied over the past decades on energy, petrochemicals, and mutual investments between the two parties, said Falih, stressing that Saudi Arabia has a competitive advantage due to its strategic location, low costs of energy and raw materials, and the global initiative for supply chains.

Saudi Arabia intends to provide 500,000 cars, which provides a massive potential for Japanese companies to invest in the Kingdom.

Reliable partner

For his part, Nishimura stressed that the Kingdom is a reliable partner and the largest source of crude oil supplies to Japan.

He lauded Saudi Arabia's continuous efforts to promote stability in global oil markets.

The minister noted that the two countries plan to cooperate in strategic storage, noting that Japan signed with Saudi Arabia two memorandums of cooperation in circular carbon economy and recycling, clean hydrogen, and ammonia fuel and its derivatives.

He asserted that both countries should work together to reach zero carbon neutrality, adding that they will make a joint effort to reduce emissions.

Nishimura described a Japanese technology that converts carbon dioxide into essential products, such as plastics, and energy sources, through the practical application of the circular carbon economy approach and carbon recycling technologies.

Nishimura noted that both countries boasted several investment opportunities, which would contribute to the diversification of global supply chains through localization strategies that depend on relative strength.

Moreover, he said the Russian-Ukrainian war necessitated cooperation between Riyadh and Tokyo to restore energy market stability, stressing the importance of collaboration to extend strategic storage and partnership in the circular carbon economy.

Strategic directions

During panel discussions, the forum reviewed investment opportunities in major sectors to strengthen investment relations in various fields.

The forum also addressed cooperation and partnership opportunities and reviewed available investment opportunities in Saudi Arabia and Japan.

It included meetings between significant companies and representatives of the private sector from both sides, with the participation of representatives of government agencies, the private sector, and essential Saudi and Japanese companies.

The forum was attended by 400 investors from Saudi Arabia and Japan and heads of Saudi companies who underlined their intention to engage in Vision 2030, in line with the strategic directions of the Japanese government.



Bulgaria Adopts the Euro, Nearly 20 Years After Joining the EU

 A map of Bulgaria with the EU symbol is projected on the Bulgarian National Bank as people celebrate New Year's Eve and Bulgaria's adoption of the euro in Sofia, Bulgaria, Thursday Jan. 1, 2026. (AP)
A map of Bulgaria with the EU symbol is projected on the Bulgarian National Bank as people celebrate New Year's Eve and Bulgaria's adoption of the euro in Sofia, Bulgaria, Thursday Jan. 1, 2026. (AP)
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Bulgaria Adopts the Euro, Nearly 20 Years After Joining the EU

 A map of Bulgaria with the EU symbol is projected on the Bulgarian National Bank as people celebrate New Year's Eve and Bulgaria's adoption of the euro in Sofia, Bulgaria, Thursday Jan. 1, 2026. (AP)
A map of Bulgaria with the EU symbol is projected on the Bulgarian National Bank as people celebrate New Year's Eve and Bulgaria's adoption of the euro in Sofia, Bulgaria, Thursday Jan. 1, 2026. (AP)

Bulgaria became the 21st country to switch to the euro as it entered the New Year on Thursday, a milestone met with both cheers and fears, nearly 20 years after the Balkan nation joined the European Union.

At midnight (2200 GMT Wednesday), Bulgaria gave up the lev currency, which has been in use since the late 19th century, and Bulgarian euro coins were projected onto the central bank's building.

Successive governments in the country of 6.4 million people have advocated joining the euro, hoping that it will boost the economy of the European Union's poorest member, reinforce ties to the West and protect against Russia's influence.

But Bulgarians have long been divided over the switch, with many worrying the introduction could usher in higher prices and add to the political instability rattling the country.

In a speech broadcast shortly before midnight, President Rumen Radev hailed the euro adoption as the "final step" in Bulgaria's EU integration, as thousands of people braved sub-zero temperatures in the capital Sofia to celebrate the New Year.

Radev however voiced regret that Bulgarians had not been consulted by referendum on the adoption.

"This refusal was one of the dramatic symptoms of the deep divide between the political class and the people, confirmed by mass demonstrations across the country."

Anti-corruption protests swept a conservative-led government from office in mid-December, leaving a country anxious about inflation on the verge of its eighth election in five years.

"People are afraid that prices will rise, while salaries will remain the same," a woman in her 40s who declined to give her name told AFP in Sofia.

At one of the city's largest markets, stalls displayed prices of everything from groceries to New Year's Eve essentials like sparklers in both levs and euros.

"The whole of Europe has managed with the euro, we'll manage too," retiree Vlad told AFP.

- Easier trade, travel -

European Commission president Ursula von der Leyen said Wednesday that Bulgaria's move into the eurozone marked "an important milestone" that would bring "practical benefits" to Bulgarians.

"It will make travelling and living abroad easier, boost the transparency and competitiveness of markets, and facilitate trade," she said.

Central bank governor Dimitar Radev said the euro symbolized much more than "just a currency -- it is a sign of belonging".

But according to the latest Eurobarometer survey, 49 percent of Bulgarians are against the switch.

Outgoing prime minister Rossen Jeliazkov sought to reassure the public ahead of the move, saying he was "counting on the tolerance and understanding of citizens and businesses".

He added that inflation in the Black Sea nation, which joined the EU in 2007, was not linked to the euro's adoption.

But the concerns of Bulgarians about inflation are not idle.

Food prices rose by five percent year-on-year in November, more than double the eurozone average, according to the National Statistical Institute.

"Unfortunately, prices no longer correspond to those in levs," pastry shop owner Turgut Ismail, 33, told AFP, saying that prices have already begun surging.

A euro protest campaign earlier this year tapping into a generally negative view of the single currency among much of the population also fanned fears of price hikes.

- Queues and possible disruptions -

Given Bulgaria's ongoing political instability, any problems with euro adoption would be seized on by anti-EU politicians, warned Boryana Dimitrova of the Alpha Research polling institute.

Some people, including business owners, have complained that it has been difficult to get their hands on euros, with shopkeepers saying they haven't received the euro starter packages they ordered.

Banks said there could be some disruption at cash machines in the hours surrounding the switch. Earlier this week, people queued outside the Bulgarian National Bank and several currency exchange offices in Sofia to obtain euros.

The euro was first rolled out in 12 countries on January 1, 2002. Croatia was the latest to join, in 2023.

Bulgaria's accession will bring the number of Europeans using the euro to more than 350 million.


Saudi Industry Ministry Concludes Ninth Licensing Round, with 24 Companies and Consortia Awarded 172 Mining Sites

Saudi Industry Ministry Concludes Ninth Licensing Round, with 24 Companies and Consortia Awarded 172 Mining Sites
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Saudi Industry Ministry Concludes Ninth Licensing Round, with 24 Companies and Consortia Awarded 172 Mining Sites

Saudi Industry Ministry Concludes Ninth Licensing Round, with 24 Companies and Consortia Awarded 172 Mining Sites

The Saudi Ministry of Industry and Mineral Resources announced on Wednesday the names of 24 companies and consortia that have won licenses in the ninth exploration licensing round, the largest in the Kingdom’s history to date.

The winning entities were awarded 172 mining sites, including 76 sites that advanced to a multi-round public auction, across three mineralized belts in the regions of Riyadh, Madinah, and Qassim, with total committed exploration spend of over SAR671 million during the first two years of their work programs.

This milestone comes as part of the ministry’s ongoing efforts to accelerate mineral exploration and development in the Kingdom, in line with the objectives of Vision 2030, which positions the mining sector as the third pillar of the national industrial economy, said the ministry in a statement.

The ninth round offered over 24,000 km2, spanning the Ad-Duwaihi/Nabitah gold belt in Riyadh Region, as well as the Nuqrah and Sukhaybirah/As-Safra gold belts in Madinah and Qassim regions. These areas are rich in strategic minerals, including gold, copper, silver, zinc, and nickel. The round witnessed strong interest and high-quality competition from leading local and international companies, reflecting growing confidence in Saudi Arabia’s mining investment environment and its attractiveness at both regional and global levels.

The list of winning companies includes several leading international firms and prominent local companies, namely: Desert EX Pty Ltd Company; Batin Alard for Gold Company; Royal Roads Arabia Company; Sierra Nevada Gold Inc. Company; Aurum Global Group; Brunswick Exploration Incorporated; EQLEED-INDOTAN Mining Company; Helderberg Limited Company; Rawafed Alola for Mining Company; Saudi Gold Refinery Limited Company; Arabian Discovery Mining Company; Al Ghazal Al Arabi Mining Company; Almasar Minerals Holding Limited Company; Al Tasnim Enterprises LLC Company; Arabian Gulf Skylark. The Distinguished Consortium Mining Company, Two Limited Company; Maaden Ivanhoe Electric Exploration and Development Limited Company.

Several newly formed consortia also emerged winners in the licensing round, such as Demir Engineering Ltd, Dahrouge Geological Consulting Ltd, and Kaz United Mining LLC Consortium; KENZ Global Resources Ltd, and Manahil Al Sharq Mining and Al Rayyan Mining Resources Co. Consortium; Maaden Barrick Technology Experts Co. and Andiamo Exploration Ltd Company; Shandong Gold (Beijing) Industrial Investment Co., Ltd., Development Co., Ltd., and Ajlan & Bros Company for Mining; Midana Exploration Pty Ltd and Saudi Arabian Mining Company (Maaden) Consortium; and McEwen Mining Inc. and Sumou Holding Company Consortium.

The ninth round saw 26 qualified companies participate via the electronic bidding platform. The round was conducted in several stages with the highest levels of transparency: prequalification, site selection via the platform, and a multi-round public auction for sites attracting more than one bidder.

The ministry further noted that the scale of investment commitments in this round supports the development of underexplored greenfield areas and helps unlock the Kingdom’s estimated mineral wealth of SAR9.4 trillion, thereby strengthening the resilience of mineral supply chains.

The ministry confirmed that licensing will continue through the 10th round, spanning 13,000 km2 across Madinah, Makkah, Riyadh, Qassim, and Hail. It will include new sites that extend the mineralized belts offered in the ninth round.

The ministry will announce additional exploration and investment opportunities for 2026 at the fifth edition of the Future Minerals Forum (FMF), scheduled to take place in Riyadh from January 13 to 15.

These efforts are part of the Kingdom’s comprehensive strategy for the mining and mineral industries, aimed at maximizing the value of mineral resources, attracting global investment, creating jobs, enhancing value-chain integration, and reinforcing Saudi Arabia’s position as a global mining hub, in line with the ambitions of Vision 2030, it stressed.


Expo 2030 Riyadh Awards the Main Utilities and Infrastructure Works Package

The milestone demonstrates the project’s increasing momentum as it shifts from early works to large-scale construction activity. (SPA)
The milestone demonstrates the project’s increasing momentum as it shifts from early works to large-scale construction activity. (SPA)
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Expo 2030 Riyadh Awards the Main Utilities and Infrastructure Works Package

The milestone demonstrates the project’s increasing momentum as it shifts from early works to large-scale construction activity. (SPA)
The milestone demonstrates the project’s increasing momentum as it shifts from early works to large-scale construction activity. (SPA)

In a step aimed at advancing construction activities, Expo 2030 Riyadh awarded its Main Utilities and Civil Works package to Nesma and Partners - marking a significant moment in the journey to bring to life one of the most ambitious global mega-events ever developed.

The milestone demonstrates the project’s increasing momentum as it shifts from early works to large-scale construction activity.

In a statement on Wednesday, Expo 2030 Riyadh Company said the Main Utilities and Infrastructure Works package aims to prepare the site for subsequent construction phases and supports the operational requirements of the event itself.

The scope of work includes constructing roads within the Expo site and installing essential utilities that will form the infrastructure backbone of the entire development.

Around 50 kilometers of infrastructure networks will be delivered as part of this package – including water, sewage, EV charging stations, and electrical and communication systems. Together, these works are essential to support the next stages of master plan development and allow Expo 2030 Riyadh’s experience-defining structures to take shape.

CEO of Expo 2030 Riyadh Company Talal Al-Marri said: “This milestone marks an important step in accelerating construction activities in the Expo 2030 Riyadh site. By moving early on the infrastructure that underpins the entire site, we are creating the conditions for safe, coordinated, and high-quality delivery across all future phases of development, while ensuring a lasting legacy well beyond 2030.”

“The contract has been awarded ahead of schedule to accelerate the delivery timeline as part of a phased approach that will see construction across infrastructure, buildings, and public spaces advance steadily through 2026 and into early 2027,” he stressed.

President and Chief Executive Officer of Nesma and Partners Samer Abdul Samad said: “We are proud to be entrusted with delivering this phase of infrastructure for Expo 2030 Riyadh. This project is not only about scale, but also about precision, integration, and responsibility.”

“Our focus will be on delivering high-quality infrastructure that supports the ambition of Expo 2030 Riyadh and sets a strong foundation for everything that follows,” he added.

Expo 2030 Riyadh Company has embedded high standards for quality, sustainability, innovation, worker welfare, and health and safety into the delivery of the works, reinforcing its commitment to responsible construction and creating a safe, inclusive environment for everyone involved in the program.