Kurds in Iraq Mark 31st Anniversary of Halabja Massacre

An Iraqi Kurd man visits a graveyard and a monument for the victims who were killed in the 1988 Halabja attack. (AFP)
An Iraqi Kurd man visits a graveyard and a monument for the victims who were killed in the 1988 Halabja attack. (AFP)
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Kurds in Iraq Mark 31st Anniversary of Halabja Massacre

An Iraqi Kurd man visits a graveyard and a monument for the victims who were killed in the 1988 Halabja attack. (AFP)
An Iraqi Kurd man visits a graveyard and a monument for the victims who were killed in the 1988 Halabja attack. (AFP)

Hundreds of Kurds gathered in the Iraqi town of Halabja on Saturday in a tearful ceremony commemorating the former Baath regime’s gas attack in 1988 that killed some 5,000 people, mostly women and children.

Halabja Governor Azad Tawfiq called for compensation and care for survivors still suffering from respiratory problems.

"The Kurdish government, the Iraqi central authorities and the international community owe a debt to Halabja," he said, according to AFP.

Iraq's President Barham Salih, himself Kurdish, said that "the sufferings of Halabja reflect those of the Kurds and all Iraqis."

Writing on Twitter, he said the town embodied "the will to resist and be reborn" in a country ravage by decades of conflict, most recently the battle against the ISIS group.

Prime Minister Adel Abdel Mahdi said the Halabja attack was an act of "genocide" and "barbarity".

On March 16, 1988, Saddam Hussein’s forces unleashed a cocktail of deadly gases on the northern farming community, captured a day before by Kurdish fighters who had sided with nearby Iran in the countries' eight-year war.

Facing a barrage of Iraqi regime artillery and air strikes, Kurdish forces and most of the town's men had withdrawn to the surrounding hills, leaving behind women, children and the elderly.

The following day, Iraqi fighter planes circled above the area for five hours, releasing toxic gases including sarin and mustard gas.

Marking 31 years since the massacre, tearful relatives on Saturday carried portraits of the victims in a solemn ceremony of remembrance.

Ali Hassan al-Majid, a cousin of Saddam better known as "Chemical Ali", was hanged in 2010 for ordering the 1988 attack.

Saddam himself was hanged in 2006 after being found guilty over the deaths of 148 Shiite villagers.



Arab Parliament: Israeli Attacks on Lebanon Aim to Drag Region into Widespread Chaos

Arab Parliament logo
Arab Parliament logo
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Arab Parliament: Israeli Attacks on Lebanon Aim to Drag Region into Widespread Chaos

Arab Parliament logo
Arab Parliament logo

Arab Parliament Speaker Mohammed bin Ahmed Al-Yamahi condemned the brutal Israeli attacks against Lebanon, which have left hundreds of civilians dead or injured and caused widespread material damage, the Saudi Press Agency said on Thursday.

He said the attacks constitute a flagrant violation of international law and established norms and conventions, warning they risk deepening regional instability and undermining ongoing international efforts to de-escalate tensions.

Al-Yamahi called on the international community to intervene immediately to halt these attacks targeting vital facilities, civilian sites, and infrastructure.

He reaffirmed the Arab Parliament’s support for the Republic of Lebanon and its full solidarity with the country in overcoming this phase.


Is Hamas Counting on Iran Talks to Resolve the Disarmament Crisis?

Palestinians inspect damage after an Israeli strike in Gaza City on Monday (Reuters)
Palestinians inspect damage after an Israeli strike in Gaza City on Monday (Reuters)
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Is Hamas Counting on Iran Talks to Resolve the Disarmament Crisis?

Palestinians inspect damage after an Israeli strike in Gaza City on Monday (Reuters)
Palestinians inspect damage after an Israeli strike in Gaza City on Monday (Reuters)

As Iranian officials link any halt in fighting with the US and Israel to all fronts of the so-called “axis of resistance,” with a focus on Hezbollah in Lebanon, Hamas and other Palestinian factions in Gaza are negotiating a disarmament plan while pushing to retain part of their arsenal.

Israel and the United States insist on full disarmament. The al-Qassam Brigades, Hamas’s armed wing, reject that demand.

A two-week ceasefire announced by Washington and Tehran, meant to pave the way for a final deal, has raised questions over whether Hamas will use it to delay or reshape disarmament.

Field sources in Hamas and other factions say they fear Israel could escalate again in Gaza, increasing targeted killings and possibly striking new targets, whether the war with Iran ends temporarily or permanently.

Two field sources from Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad said there are signs of Israeli escalation, but without large-scale ground operations, adding that factions are on heightened alert.

Limited reliance

A senior Hamas official said the group’s stance is rooted in “national constants,” including keeping its weapons to deter any aggression, a duty it cannot abandon.

He described Iran’s call to link all fronts as “important,” but said Hamas does not fully rely on it and sees no such option for now. Israel and the United States, he said, have worked for more than two years to separate the fronts.

Three Hamas sources said the group had previously counted on linking fronts, during talks on Lebanon and Yemen and during the 12-day war on Iran in June 2025, but “circumstances imposed a different reality.”

A Hamas source in Gaza said tying Gaza talks to other fronts had failed before, leaving no clear reliance on that approach now.

He added Iran’s position may relate more to Lebanon than Gaza, stressing that relying on it is misplaced, as Israel and the US would reject it, as they have before.

“What Hamas is relying on now is its own position, alongside the Palestinian factions, as it enters the most difficult phase of negotiations,” he said.

Two Hamas sources said the group’s strategy is to remove any pretext for Israel to resume the war, while rejecting proposals from the “Board of Peace” or mediators as fixed terms without amendments.

Core demands

Hamas and other factions said they had told mediators in a unified position that they want “full Israeli commitment” to the first phase before moving to the second, including the issue of weapons.

They also demand that reconstruction and aid not be tied to other files, a full Israeli withdrawal, a complete halt to violations, guarantees against interference in Palestinian political affairs, particularly governance in Gaza, and an end to restrictions on movement through the Rafah crossing and on the entry of goods.

New meetings between Hamas and mediators are expected early next week as disarmament talks continue.

A senior Hamas delegation met in Cairo about a week ago with Nickolay Mladenov, the high representative for Gaza at the “Board of Peace,” for the second time in two weeks.

The group’s leadership also met Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan earlier this week on the same issue.


Lebanon Rejects Iran Negotiating on Its Behalf

People gather at the scene of an Israeli airstrike in the Corniche al-Mazraa neighborhood of Beirut, Lebanon 08 April 2026. (EPA)
People gather at the scene of an Israeli airstrike in the Corniche al-Mazraa neighborhood of Beirut, Lebanon 08 April 2026. (EPA)
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Lebanon Rejects Iran Negotiating on Its Behalf

People gather at the scene of an Israeli airstrike in the Corniche al-Mazraa neighborhood of Beirut, Lebanon 08 April 2026. (EPA)
People gather at the scene of an Israeli airstrike in the Corniche al-Mazraa neighborhood of Beirut, Lebanon 08 April 2026. (EPA)

Lebanon was left outside contacts that produced a US-Iran ceasefire deal, despite reports it would be included and moves by Iran and Hezbollah suggesting otherwise.

Hezbollah halted its military operations before the deal was announced early on Wednesday, while Lebanese officials scrambled to contact countries involved in the issue to clarify the situation.

Prime Minister Nawaf Salam told Asharq Al-Awsat that Lebanon would not accept anyone negotiating on its behalf.

President Joseph Aoun welcomed the US-Iran announcement of a 15-day ceasefire and praised efforts by all parties that helped secure the agreement, particularly Pakistan, Egypt, and Türkiye.

He said he hoped it would mark a first step toward a final, comprehensive deal that addresses the drivers of conflict in the region, safeguarding the sovereignty of all states.

Aoun said violence was not an effective means to resolve disputes and that governments should work to ensure a free and dignified life for their people, not push them toward futile and needless death.

He added that the Lebanese state would continue efforts to ensure any regional calm extends to Lebanon on a firm and lasting basis.

Aoun affirmed that the efforts are in line with principles agreed upon by the Lebanese: full sovereignty over all territory, liberation from any occupation, and the exclusive right to wage war, maintain peace, and use legitimate force, resting with constitutional institutions alone.

Responsibility for any negotiations to secure Lebanon’s national interest lies solely with the Lebanese state, he said.

Berri: Lebanon included

Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri told Asharq Al-Awsat that Lebanon was covered by the ceasefire agreement with Iran, but said Israel had not complied with it across Lebanon so far, in breach of the deal.

Berri said the agreement clearly included Lebanon and that this was what should be implemented. He said he had contacted the Pakistani side to inform it of Tel Aviv’s failure to abide by the ceasefire and asked it to engage the United States to pressure Israel.

He said he remained in contact with several parties involved and had received assurances that Lebanon was part of the agreement, though he did not rule out that Israel could seek to “undermine this agreement as the party most harmed by it.”

Salam: The state alone negotiates

In his first comment on the ceasefire and the debate over whether Lebanon was included, Salam said: “No one negotiates over Lebanon except the Lebanese state.”

He declined to elaborate on ongoing contacts to secure a ceasefire in Lebanon, saying only that the state was carrying out its duties and mobilizing all its capabilities to pull the country out of a crisis imposed on it.

“With the announcement of an agreement between the US and Iran, through appreciated Pakistani efforts, we are intensifying our contacts and our political and diplomatic efforts to secure a ceasefire in Lebanon,” said Salam.

“I also stress that no one negotiates in the name of Lebanon except the Lebanese state, through its constitutional institutions, in a way that safeguards its sovereignty and the interests of its people,” he added.

Foreign Ministry: One voice

For its part, Lebanon’s Foreign Ministry welcomed the announcement of the two-week ceasefire between Iran and the US as a step toward de-escalation and regional stability, but stressed that no party has the right to negotiate on the country’s behalf.

“Lebanon unequivocally affirms that it speaks with one voice — its own — and that no party has the right to negotiate on its behalf except the Lebanese state,” the ministry said in a statement.

“Any such action constitutes a direct violation of its sovereignty and national decision-making,” it added, noting that Lebanon has previously announced its readiness for direct negotiations with Israel, with civilian participation and under international auspices.

The ministry reiterated that Lebanon’s sovereignty is indivisible and not negotiable, and that its national choices, security, and political future are determined exclusively by its constitutional institutions, free from any external interference.