Aid Groups Scramble to Help as Israel-Hamas War Intensifies, Gaza Blockade Complicates Efforts 

Smoke billows following an Israeli air strike on Gaza City, 09 October 2023. (EPA)
Smoke billows following an Israeli air strike on Gaza City, 09 October 2023. (EPA)
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Aid Groups Scramble to Help as Israel-Hamas War Intensifies, Gaza Blockade Complicates Efforts 

Smoke billows following an Israeli air strike on Gaza City, 09 October 2023. (EPA)
Smoke billows following an Israeli air strike on Gaza City, 09 October 2023. (EPA)

Humanitarian groups are scrambling to assist civilians caught in the war between Israel and Hamas and determine what aid operations are still safe to continue, efforts that are being complicated by an intensified blockade of Gaza and ongoing fighting.

Two days after Hamas militants went on a rampage that took the world by surprise, Israel increased airstrikes on Gaza and blocked off food, fuel and other supplies from going into the territory, a move that raised concerns at the United Nations and among aid groups operating in the area home to 2.3 million people.

Hamas, in turn, pledged to kill Israelis it abducted if the country’s military bombs civilian targets in Gaza without warning.

Hundreds of people have been killed and thousands wounded on both sides, and aid groups operating in the region say there are needs both in Gaza and Israel.

More than 2 tons of medical supplies from the Egyptian Red Crescent have been sent to Gaza and efforts are underway to organize food and other deliveries, according to an Egyptian military official, who spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to talk to the press. But the United Nations and other aid groups are pleading for more access to help Palestinians who find themselves in the middle of intense fighting.

Doctors Without Borders, which is still operating in Gaza, has to rely on supplies it already has inside the territory because it can’t bring any more in, said Emmanuel Massart, a deputy desk coordinator with the organization in Brussels.

The group — which says it only runs programs in Palestinian areas since Israel has strong emergency and health services — reported Monday that it provided treatments to more than 50 people following airstrikes at the Jabalia refugee camp located north of Gaza City.

In addition to helping patients in Gaza, it said it was donating medical supplies to other clinics and hospitals, which have become overcrowded with patients and are experiencing shortages of drugs and fuel that can be used for generators.

If Doctors Without Borders is not able to resupply fairly quickly, Massart said, it will run out of supplies it can use to operate on patients who might be wounded. He also said since the facilities the organization uses are running on generators due to the low supply of electricity, cutting off fuel will present a “huge problem.”

“If there is no fuel anymore, there is no medical facilities anymore because we cannot run our medical facility without the energy,” Massart said.

The war has also been deeply disruptive to work Mercy Corps has been doing to provide people in Gaza with necessities like food and water, said Arnaud Quemin, the Middle East regional director for the organization.

Right now, he said the team on the ground is trying to find a scenario that would enable them to get back to work. The blockade of food and other supplies into Gaza is a major worry.

“We are very concerned with the way things are going at this point because it looks like it’s going to get worse – very soon,” Quemin said. The sealing of Gaza, he said, will create “humanitarian needs very quickly.”

Governments have also been weighing how to respond.

As the fighting intensified, the European Union on late Monday reversed an earlier announcement by an EU commissioner that the bloc was “immediately” suspending aid for Palestinian authorities. Instead, the 27-nation group said it would urgently review the assistance it provides in the wake of Hamas’ attacks on Israel. Two European countries — Germany and Austria — said they were suspending development aid for Palestinian areas.

Meanwhile, some organizations are stepping up aid efforts in Israel, which has seen displacement because of the violence.

Naomi Adler, CEO of Hadassah, The Women’s Zionist Organization of America, said a trauma center in Jerusalem that’s owned by the organization is treating wounded Israeli soldiers and civilians. About 90% of the patients in the center right now are soldiers, who are typically the first to be brought in for traumatic injuries, Adler said. But the center also accepts anyone who’s wounded or injured in the country.

The American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, a Jewish humanitarian organization, said on Sunday that it was activating its emergency response team in Israel, where it runs programs to support people with disabilities, the elderly and children and families who’ve been impacted by the war and prior conflicts. The organization said it was working with its partners, including in the Israeli government, to address what it called an unprecedented emergency.

One organization that helps Palestinian children is shifting its focus, too. Steve Sosebee, the president of Palestine Children’s Relief Fund, a US-based charity that helps children in need travel to the US for medical treatment, said given the war, the fund is now looking away from long-term programs and toward more urgent needs for food, medication, clothing and other types of basic humanitarian aid.

But like others, he noted the blockade and security risks to its Gaza staff makes it more challenging to do that.

“There are no areas of security, there are no safe havens,” Sosebee said. “And therefore, it’s very difficult for us to be out in the field providing humanitarian aid when there are no safe places from the constant bombing and attacks that are taking place over the last 72 hours.”



Gaza Reconstruction Bodies to Gather in Cyprus

Tents housing displaced Palestinians stand amid summer heat in Gaza City, June 20, 2026. REUTERS/Dawoud Abu Alkas
Tents housing displaced Palestinians stand amid summer heat in Gaza City, June 20, 2026. REUTERS/Dawoud Abu Alkas
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Gaza Reconstruction Bodies to Gather in Cyprus

Tents housing displaced Palestinians stand amid summer heat in Gaza City, June 20, 2026. REUTERS/Dawoud Abu Alkas
Tents housing displaced Palestinians stand amid summer heat in Gaza City, June 20, 2026. REUTERS/Dawoud Abu Alkas

Representatives of bodies tasked with Gaza's post-war governance and reconstruction will gather in Cyprus next week, Nicosia and an official with the US-backed Board of Peace said Wednesday, with Israeli media describing the meeting as a chance for a "reset".

The committee of Palestinian technocrats who are meant to assume day-to-day governance of the territory will also attend, a committee member told AFP.

Cypriot government spokesperson Constantinos Letymbiotis said the meeting would take place next Tuesday and Wednesday.

A Board of Peace official told AFP that it "regularly holds internal meetings of its component elements" and the "meeting planned for Cyprus is no different".

The board, he added, "is actively preparing measures to advance reconstruction and governance for the people of Gaza".

The Times of Israel reported that representatives of the various bodies operating under the board's framework would reassess their strategy after a "difficult" first six months that produced few results.

The Israeli news site cited an Arab diplomat and a Palestinian official as describing the gathering as an opportunity to "reset" and "recalibrate".

The Board of Peace was established earlier this year as part of a US-backed ceasefire plan for Gaza endorsed by the UN Security Council.

The initiative aims to facilitate a transition away from Hamas rule while supporting the restoration of civilian administration and basic services.

However progress has been slow, and the Palestinian technocratic committee has yet to even enter Gaza.

The member of the committee said the Cyprus meeting would discuss "the committee's transfer to Gaza and the commencement of its work".

Under the stalled second phase of the US-backed deal, Israel was to gradually pull out of the territory and Hamas was to hand over its weapons, neither of which has happened.


US Forces Killed ISIS Leader in Syria Airstrike, Central Command Says

A still from a video released by US Central Command on Friday showing US Air Force F-16 fighter jets refueling mid-air during a patrol mission over the Middle East (CENTCOM)
A still from a video released by US Central Command on Friday showing US Air Force F-16 fighter jets refueling mid-air during a patrol mission over the Middle East (CENTCOM)
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US Forces Killed ISIS Leader in Syria Airstrike, Central Command Says

A still from a video released by US Central Command on Friday showing US Air Force F-16 fighter jets refueling mid-air during a patrol mission over the Middle East (CENTCOM)
A still from a video released by US Central Command on Friday showing US Air Force F-16 fighter jets refueling mid-air during a patrol mission over the Middle East (CENTCOM)

The US military conducted an airstrike in northwestern Syria last week that killed a senior ISIS leader, US Central Command said on Wednesday.

The strike, carried out on Friday, was part "of ongoing US efforts to disrupt and eliminate terrorists seeking to attack Americans abroad or the US homeland" and killed Ali Husayn al-Ulaywi, it said in a statement on X.

ISIS has declared a new phase of operations in Syria against the government of President Ahmed al-Sharaa, carrying out a spate of attacks since February. Last year, Sharaa's government joined the US-led coalition fighting ISIS.

On Saturday, the militant group claimed responsibility for an attack near the city of Manbij in Syria's northeastern Aleppo province.

ISIS controlled around a quarter or more of Syria at the peak of its power during the Syrian civil war a decade ago, before being driven out of the territory by a US-led coalition and other foes.


Barrack Pushes Baghdad and Erbil Toward Oil Dispute Settlement

Kurdistan Region Prime Minister Masrour Barzani receives US envoy Tom Barrack in Erbil on June 16, 2026 (Government Media)
Kurdistan Region Prime Minister Masrour Barzani receives US envoy Tom Barrack in Erbil on June 16, 2026 (Government Media)
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Barrack Pushes Baghdad and Erbil Toward Oil Dispute Settlement

Kurdistan Region Prime Minister Masrour Barzani receives US envoy Tom Barrack in Erbil on June 16, 2026 (Government Media)
Kurdistan Region Prime Minister Masrour Barzani receives US envoy Tom Barrack in Erbil on June 16, 2026 (Government Media)

Kurdish politicians say US envoy Tom Barrack discussed possible ways to resolve the long-running oil dispute with Baghdad during his visit to Erbil, the capital of Iraq's Kurdistan Region, last week. However, they ruled out the possibility that the country's severe financial crisis would lead to the passage of a permanent federal law regulating natural resources.

Since March 2007, when the federal government led by Nouri al-Maliki submitted the first draft of the legislation, successive parliamentary terms have failed to pass a law that was intended to define how natural resources are produced and revenues distributed. Instead, political forces have relied on fragile political understandings to manage the issue.

Discussion over the law resurfaced following Barrack's visit to Erbil on June 16, 2026, during which he held meetings with regional government officials and leaders of the two main Kurdish parties. Local platforms circulated reports suggesting that the US envoy was "optimistic about Prime Minister Ali Al-Zaidi's ability to resolve the traditional disputes with Erbil."

Former Kurdish member of the Iraqi parliament Majid Shankali told Asharq Al-Awsat that Barrack discussed strengthening US-Iraqi cooperation in the energy sector, both with Baghdad and Erbil, as well as modernizing the Kirkuk-Baniyas pipeline, through which Iraqi oil is transported to Syria and onward to the Mediterranean

Former lawmaker Mayada Al-Najjar said the oil dispute between Baghdad and Erbil has moved "from a stage of stagnation to one of serious negotiations."

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Al-Najjar said that "communications between Baghdad and Erbil have gained clear momentum in recent weeks, with exchanges of visits and meetings among senior officials focused on resuming oil exports, settling financial issues, and preparing the ground for the passage of an oil and gas law."

What Is the Root of the Dispute?

Observers tend to believe that political disagreements have always been the primary obstacle to passing the law. At the same time, disputes over the interpretation of constitutional provisions, including the powers of the Kurdistan Region, have remained unresolved in most political settlements.

The dispute continues over whether the Kurdistan Region has the right to contract directly with foreign companies and pursue independent oil projects, or whether the federal government is the sole authority empowered to do so under the constitution and existing laws. Sharp differences also persist regarding discovered oil fields and the nature of contracts signed, whether under service agreements or production-sharing arrangements.

The Kurdistan Region attempted to address the legal vacuumwhen its parliament passed a regional oil and gas law in August 2007. However, Iraq's Federal Supreme Court effectively nullified the legislation when it issued a ruling in February 2022 challenging its legal basis.

"There is no hope in the foreseeable future of passing an oil and gas law," Shankali said, citing "Baghdad's strong tendency to consolidate full centralized control over the region's oil resources."

Shankali, a member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, said Prime Minister Ali Al-Zaidi "will not be able to pass an oil and gas law through the Iraqi parliament without an agreement among the political blocs represented in parliament." He expressed regret that "the current parliament has yet to reach a formula acceptable to Erbil, Baghdad, and the oil-producing provinces that would allow the law to be passed and finally end disputes that have persisted for more than 20 years."

He predicted that political forces would continue "managing the crisis, as before, through temporary agreements between the federal government and the regional government." That would mean maintaining the latest arrangement that led to the adoption of the three-year federal budget law during the government of Mohammed Shia Al-Sudani.

In June 2023, political forces in Baghdad, led by the Coordination Framework and the Kurdistan Democratic Party, agreed on a financial settlement under which the Kurdistan Region would deliver 250,000 barrels of oil per day after deducting the region's share for domestic consumption. The agreement also allowed Kirkuk crude to be transported through the Kurdistan pipeline to Türkiye's Ceyhan port, in exchange for the federal government's commitment to pay the region's share of the state budget.

"In the coming phase, this agreement could be further developed between Baghdad and Erbil, given all sides' desire to confront the severe financial crisis," Shankali said.

Masoud Barzani, with Mazloum Abdi beside him, during talks with US envoy Tom Barrack in Erbil (File photo: Kurdistan Democratic Party)

Positive Signs

Sobhi Al-Mandalawi, a member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, pointed to what he described as "positive indicators" since Al-Zaidi assumed office as prime minister.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Al-Mandalawi said that "the new Iraqi government moved early in its tenure to engage positively with the national and domestic environment, including contentious issues such as relations with Erbil." He added that "the Kurdistan Regional Government, led by Masrour Barzani, views these indicators positively."

However, Al-Mandalawi suggested that efforts to resolve disputes between the two governments may gather momentum under pressure from the international community, particularly the United States.

He stressed that the Kurdistan Democratic Party has consistently partnered with every new government in Baghdad in seeking the passage of an oil and gas law. Although he hopes the legislation can be approved during the current parliamentary term, he argued that "the same political forces that opposed a legislative settlement in the past will continue to use every means available to prevent the law from being passed."

Former lawmaker Mayada Al-Najjar said there are "encouraging signs" that the disputes could be resolved, reflected in growing cooperation between the two sides in both security and economic coordination.

In mid-June 2026, an Iraqi military delegation headed by Army Chief of Staff Lt. Gen. Abdul Amir Rashid Yarallah conducted meetings and field visits in Erbil, including inspections of several oil fields, to assess security conditions and discuss measures aimed at protecting facilities and personnel.

Despite political indicators suggesting Baghdad and Erbil are moving closer to resolving the oil dispute, Al-Najjar said any definitive progress should be measured by an official announcement of a final or comprehensive agreement between Kurdistan Democratic Party leader Masoud Barzani and Prime Minister Ali Al-Zaidi that would fully settle the oil and gas crisis.