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Saudi Arabia Announces Discoveries of Natural Gas in Eastern Province, Empty Quarter

Gas pipelines are seen in the Kingdom. Photo: Aramco website
Gas pipelines are seen in the Kingdom. Photo: Aramco website
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Saudi Arabia Announces Discoveries of Natural Gas in Eastern Province, Empty Quarter

Gas pipelines are seen in the Kingdom. Photo: Aramco website
Gas pipelines are seen in the Kingdom. Photo: Aramco website

Saudi Minister of Energy Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman bin Abdulaziz announced that Saudi Aramco has discovered two natural gas fields in the Empty Quarter: Al-Hiran and Al-Mahakik natural gas fields.

The discovery of Al-Hiran natural gas field was confirmed after gas flowed from Hanifa reservoir in the Al-Hiran – 1 well, at a rate of 30 Million standard cubic feet (MMSCF), and 1,600 Barrel of Condensates daily (BCPD), and from the Al-’Arab – C reservoir in the same field at a rate of 3.1 MMSCFD.
On the other hand, the discovery of Al-Mahakik natural gas field was confirmed after gas flowed from the Al-Mahakik – 2 well, at a rate of 0.85 MMSCFD.
Furthermore, Natural gas was also discovered in five reservoirs in previously discovered fields. It was discovered in the Jallah reservoir in the ‘Usaikerak field in the Empty Quarter, after gas flowed at a rate of 46 MMSCFD, in addition to discovering an additional natural gas reservoir in Shadoun field, west of Haradh, after gas flowed from ‘Unayzah – A reservoir, at a rate of 15.5 MMSCFD, with about 460 BCPD.
Natural gas was also discovered in ‘Unayzah B/C reservoirs in Mazalij field, southwest of Dhahran, where gas flowed at a rate of 14 MMSCFD, with about 4,150 BCPD, and in Al-Sarah reservoir in Al-Wadhihi field and Al-Qusaibah reservoir in Awtad field, southwest of Hofuf city, where natural gas flowed at a rate of 11.7 MMSCFD and 5.1 MMSCFD, respectively, with about 57 BCPD.

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Baghdad Urges OPEC to Raise Iraq's Production Quota

A handout picture released by Iraq's Prime Minister's Press Office on January 2, 2025, shows a partial view of the oil refinery of Baiji north of Baghdad, during the inauguration ceremony of the fourth and fifth units. (Iraq's Prime Minister's Press Office / AFP)
A handout picture released by Iraq's Prime Minister's Press Office on January 2, 2025, shows a partial view of the oil refinery of Baiji north of Baghdad, during the inauguration ceremony of the fourth and fifth units. (Iraq's Prime Minister's Press Office / AFP)
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Baghdad Urges OPEC to Raise Iraq's Production Quota

A handout picture released by Iraq's Prime Minister's Press Office on January 2, 2025, shows a partial view of the oil refinery of Baiji north of Baghdad, during the inauguration ceremony of the fourth and fifth units. (Iraq's Prime Minister's Press Office / AFP)
A handout picture released by Iraq's Prime Minister's Press Office on January 2, 2025, shows a partial view of the oil refinery of Baiji north of Baghdad, during the inauguration ceremony of the fourth and fifth units. (Iraq's Prime Minister's Press Office / AFP)

Baghdad has urged OPEC to increase Iraq's oil production quota, taking into account the damage done to its industry by its history of conflicts and the recent regional war, its oil ministry said Thursday.

Like other oil producers, Iraq, a founding member of OPEC, was greatly affected by the Middle East war, as it is hugely dependent on oil exports, which make up about 90 percent of its budget revenues.

Iraq's oil ministry said that reassessing production baselines was important "to ensure they are aligned with the sustainable production capacities of member countries", and with respect to "Iraq's unique security and economic circumstances".

OPEC has "responded by launching a process to reassess" its member states' capacities, the ministry said.

Following reports of a possible Iraqi exit from OPEC, oil ministry spokesperson Salim al-Rikabi told AFP that Iraq "has no intention of withdrawing from the organization and remains committed to its mechanisms".

But he added that the cartel "has to raise Iraq's production quota. Otherwise, a decision will have to be made about whether to stay or leave the organization".

Iraq has started increasing its production "in line with its capacities and needs", he said.

The ministry said that "reports suggesting that Iraq is considering ending its membership in OPEC do not reflect" the government's position.

Iraq's ministry said that any change would be decided within OPEC's existing framework, but noted there was a "high level of understanding" among members regarding Iraq's situation after decades of wars, sanctions, and recent attacks on the sector during the Middle East War.

All of these challenges will be considered to "ensure that Iraqi oil production reaches a fair level".

The Middle East war and Iran's blockade of the Strait of Hormuz choked off shipments and prompted production cuts in key oil-producing countries including Iraq, shaking world energy markets.

During the conflict, several Iraqi oil fields were struck by drones mostly launched by pro-Iran armed groups.

Before the war, Iraq produced around four million barrels per day (bpd), and exported an average of 3.5 million bpd, mostly via Hormuz.

After the recent deal between Washington and Tehran to end the fighting, Iraq now hopes to return within two months to its previous production levels.

A former oil ministry official, who requested anonymity, warned against Iraq's exit from OPEC.

A "withdrawal would not serve the interests of Iraq", which is exclusively dependent on the oil sector, he said.

"I don't think that Iraq has really the incentives to leave OPEC," said Jorge Leon, an analyst at Rystad Energy.

Instead, he added, Iraq might be trying to apply pressure to "the capacity review exercise that the group is currently doing", which will serve as the basis for the 2027 quota.

Business

Egypt Overhauls Nitrogen Fertilizer Export Levy, Exempts High-grade Ammonium Nitrate

General view of part of Cairo (Reuters)
General view of part of Cairo (Reuters)
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Egypt Overhauls Nitrogen Fertilizer Export Levy, Exempts High-grade Ammonium Nitrate

General view of part of Cairo (Reuters)
General view of part of Cairo (Reuters)

Egypt has revamped its export tax regime for nitrogen fertilizers, replacing a fixed export tax with a 10% ad valorem duty on all nitrogenous fertilizer exports, while exempting high-purity ammonium nitrate, according to a decision published in the Official Gazette on Thursday.

The duty, calculated on the FOB invoice value, does not apply to pure ammonium nitrate with a nitrogen concentration exceeding 34.2%, or to shipments destined for productive enterprises in Egypt's free zones, Reuters reported.

The World Bank warned in its April Commodity Markets Outlook that global fertilizer prices could rise by more than 30% in 2026 due to conflict-related disruptions in the Middle East and logistical risks around the Strait of Hormuz.

The new decree replaces a flat $90-per-metric-ton tax introduced in May, tying the levy more directly to prevailing export prices, which have fallen since peaking in mid-April.
Egypt is the world's seventh-largest exporter of nitrogen fertilizers, according to LSEG data.

Business

Gold Lingers Near 7-month Low as Fed Hike Bets Boost Dollar

A worker displays gold bullion bar at the ABC Refinery in Sydney - AFP
A worker displays gold bullion bar at the ABC Refinery in Sydney - AFP
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Gold Lingers Near 7-month Low as Fed Hike Bets Boost Dollar

A worker displays gold bullion bar at the ABC Refinery in Sydney - AFP
A worker displays gold bullion bar at the ABC Refinery in Sydney - AFP

Gold fell for a third straight session on Thursday, lingering near a more than seven-month low it had reached in the previous session, as expectations of US rate hikes lifted the dollar and weighed on the precious metal.

Spot gold fell 0.5% to $3,982.49 an ounce by 1054 GMT. US gold futures for August delivery edged 0.3% lower to $3,997.60 per oz.

The US dollar hit its strongest level in more than 13 months on Thursday, making greenback priced-metals more expensive for other currency holders. Markets currently see a 66% chance that the US Federal Reserve will hike rates in September, CME FedWatch data showed, Reuters reported.

"The Fed's hawkish shift, which has led to a repricing of rate hike expectations, remains the dominant driver of gold's weakness," said Nikos Tzabouras, senior market analyst at Jefferies-owned Tradu.com. ETF outflows and the rotation into equities driven by the AI boom are definitely factors weighing on the precious metal, said Tzabouras, noting that these forces tend to be cyclical and do not subtract from the broader structural case for gold.

Bullion has declined more than 6% since Fed's meeting last week and dipped below the $4,000 level on Wednesday for the first time since November 2025. Prices were down over 28% from its record high of $5,594.82 reached on January 29.

Investors now await the US Personal Consumption Expenditures data, the Fed's preferred inflation gauge, due at 1230 GMT, forI further cues on monetary policy.