COP28: 'Realism' Pushes Major Countries Towards 'Carbon Capture and Storage'

DubaiExpo, which hosts COP28 (AFP)
DubaiExpo, which hosts COP28 (AFP)
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COP28: 'Realism' Pushes Major Countries Towards 'Carbon Capture and Storage'

DubaiExpo, which hosts COP28 (AFP)
DubaiExpo, which hosts COP28 (AFP)

Several major countries said at the UN Climate Change Summit (COP28) in Dubai that they were moving to use carbon "capture" or "storage" technologies, which were considered realistic solutions to confront climate change.

Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida pledged it would stop building new coal power plants that do not have emission reduction measures in place.

"In line with its pathway to net-zero, Japan will end new construction of domestic unabated coal power plants while securing a stable energy supply," Kishida said.

- Emission reduction

Japan, which relies heavily on importing coal and other traditional fuels, seeks to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050.

Kishida stated that Japan has already reduced emissions by 20 percent and is progressing towards lowering the target of 46 percent by 2030 compared to 2013.

To reduce emissions, Japan seeks to use hydrogen and ammonia to produce energy alongside gas and coal in existing power plants, but experts have a different view.

Japan relies heavily on imported traditional fuels, especially natural gas, which represents about 40 percent of its electricity generation, and coal, which represents about 30 percent.

- ExxonMobil rejects IEA's criticism

ExxonMobil CEO Darren Woods rejected the International Energy Agency's (IEA) recent claim that using wide-scale carbon capture to fight climate change was an implausible "illusion," saying the same could be said about electric vehicles and solar energy.

Woods told Reuters on the sidelines of the COP28 climate summit that there is "no solution set out there today that is at the scale to solve the problem."

"So, you could say that about carbon capture today, you could say that about electric vehicles, about wind, about solar. I think that criticism is legitimate for anything we're trying to do, to start with," he said.

Woods' appearance marked the first time a CEO of fossil fuel giant Exxon has attended one of the annual UN-sponsored climate summits and reflected a growing effort among oil and gas companies worldwide to recast themselves as part of the solution to global warming, as opposed to a cause.

Exxon has announced $17 billion of investment in its low-carbon business, which includes carbon capture, and has argued that greenhouse gas emissions are the problem causing climate change, not the fossil fuels themselves.

Woods said he believed oil and gas would play an "important role" in the world through 2050 but declined to estimate demand levels.

As part of Exxon's low carbon strategy, it announced in July a $4.9 billion acquisition of Denbury and its 2,100-kilometer carbon dioxide pipeline network, which will be linked to offshore blocks in the Gulf of Mexico where Exxon plans to bury carbon.

So far, Exxon has convinced the largest ammonia maker in the United States, an industrial gas company, and a large steel company to sign long-term contracts for carbon reduction services covering around five million tons of carbon dioxide annually.

Energy and industry produce about 37 billion tons of CO2 globally per year.

Woods declined to provide details of the contracts but said US subsidies in last year's Inflation Reduction Act of up to $85 a ton for carbon capture and sequestration would make the investments profitable.

"We're essentially helping customers decarbonize and taking advantage of that tax credit," Woods said.

He added that making money from the deals was "probably a few years out."

- US plans to reduce emissions

The US administration revealed final rules to take action against emissions from the US oil and gas industry as part of a global plan to curb emissions contributing to climate change.

US officials announced the rules at the COP28 in Dubai.

The US and other countries participating in the summit are expected to provide details on achieving the pledge made two years ago to reduce methane emissions by 30 percent from 2020 to 2030.

New EPA policies would ban routine natural gas flaring from newly drilled oil wells, require stringent leak monitoring of oil and gas wells and compressors, and establish a third-party verification that they are cracking down on leaks or improper flaring.

The EPA estimates it will stop about 58 million tons of methane from escaping into the atmosphere during that period – the equivalent of taking more than 300 million gas-powered cars off the road for a year.



Japan, South Korea Hit with 25% Tariffs as Trump Ramps up Trade War in Letters to Leaders

After the US set a 25% tariff rate on Japan and South Korea, a Toyota sign is shown at a Toyota dealership in Tustin, California, US, July 7, 2025. (Reuters)
After the US set a 25% tariff rate on Japan and South Korea, a Toyota sign is shown at a Toyota dealership in Tustin, California, US, July 7, 2025. (Reuters)
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Japan, South Korea Hit with 25% Tariffs as Trump Ramps up Trade War in Letters to Leaders

After the US set a 25% tariff rate on Japan and South Korea, a Toyota sign is shown at a Toyota dealership in Tustin, California, US, July 7, 2025. (Reuters)
After the US set a 25% tariff rate on Japan and South Korea, a Toyota sign is shown at a Toyota dealership in Tustin, California, US, July 7, 2025. (Reuters)

US President Donald Trump on Monday began telling trade partners – from powerhouse suppliers like Japan and South Korea to minor players – that sharply higher US tariffs will start August 1, marking a new phase in the trade war he launched earlier this year.

The 14 countries sent letters so far, which included smaller US exporters like Serbia, Thailand and Tunisia, hinted at opportunities for additional negotiations while at the same time warning that any reprisal steps would be met with a like-for-like response.

"If for any reason you decide to raise your Tariffs, then, whatever the number you choose to raise them by, will be added onto the 25% that we charge," Trump said in letters, released on his Truth Social platform, to Japan and South Korea.

The higher tariffs, levied on US importers of foreign goods, take effect August 1, and notably will not combine with previously announced sector tariffs such as those on automobiles and steel and aluminum.

That means, for instance, that Japanese vehicle tariffs will remain at 25%, rather than the existing 25% auto sector tariff climbing to 50% with the new reciprocal rate as has occurred with some of Trump's tariffs.

The clock has been ticking for countries to conclude deals with the US after Trump unleashed a global trade war in April that has roiled financial markets and sent policymakers scrambling to protect their economies.

Trading partners got another reprieve as Trump signed an executive order on Monday extending the Wednesday deadline for negotiations to August 1.

Trump has kept much of the world guessing on the outcome of months of talks with countries hoping to avoid the hefty tariff hikes he has threatened.

The rate for South Korea is the same as Trump initially announced, while the rate for Japan is 1 point higher than the one announced on April 2. A week later, he capped all of the so-called reciprocal tariffs at 10% until Wednesday. Only two agreements have so far been reached, with Britain and Vietnam.

Wendy Cutler, vice president of the Asia Society Policy Institute, said it was unfortunate Trump was hiking tariffs on imports from two of the closest U.S. allies, but there was still time for a breakthrough in negotiations.

"While the news is disappointing, it does not mean the game is over," Cutler said. Trump said later Monday that the United States would impose 25% tariffs on goods from Tunisia, Malaysia and Kazakhstan; 30% on South Africa, Bosnia and Herzegovina; 32% on Indonesia; 35% on Serbia and Bangladesh; 36% on Cambodia and Thailand and 40% on Laos and Myanmar.

South Korea said it planned to intensify US trade talks and considers Trump's plan for a 25% tariff from August 1 as effectively extending a grace period on implementing reciprocal tariffs.

"We will step up negotiations during the remaining period to reach a mutually beneficial result to quickly resolve the uncertainties from tariffs," the country's Industry Ministry said. There was no response from the Japanese embassy in Washington.

MARKET DROP

US stocks fell in response, the latest market turmoil as Trump's trade moves have repeatedly whipsawed financial markets and sent policymakers scrambling to protect their economies.

US stocks were driven to near bear-market territory by his cascade of tariff announcements through the early spring but quickly rebounded to record highs in the weeks after he put the stiffest levies on hold on April 9.

The S&P 500 closed down about 0.8%, its biggest drop in three weeks. US-listed shares of Japanese automotive companies fell, with Toyota Motor closing down 4.0% and Honda Motor off by 3.9%. The dollar surged against both the Japanese yen and the South Korean won.

"Tariff talk has sucked the wind out of the sails of the market," said Brian Jacobsen, chief economist at Annex Wealth Management. Most of the announced tariff rates have been rounded down, he added, and the letters come across as "take it or leave it" offers.

US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said earlier on Monday he expected several trade announcements in the next 48 hours, adding that his inbox was full of countries' last-ditch offers.

TRADING BLOCS

The European Union will not be receiving a letter setting out higher tariffs, EU sources familiar with the matter told Reuters on Monday.

The EU still aims to reach a trade deal by July 9 after European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and Trump had a "good exchange," a commission spokesperson said.

It was not clear, however, whether there had been a meaningful breakthrough in talks to stave off tariff hikes on the United States' largest trading partner.

The EU has been torn over whether to push for a quick and light trade deal or leverage its economic clout to negotiate a better outcome. It had already given up hopes for a comprehensive trade agreement before the July deadline.

Trump has also said he could impose a 17% tariff on EU food and agriculture exports. The president also threatened leaders of developing nations in the BRICS group, who are meeting in Brazil, with an additional 10% tariff if they adopt "anti-American" policies.

The group includes Brazil, Russia, India and China among others.