Kuwait Elections: Clampdown on Campaign Finance to Curb Political Funding

Observers estimate the average spending by a candidate in Kuwait to be around one million dollars (KUNA)
Observers estimate the average spending by a candidate in Kuwait to be around one million dollars (KUNA)
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Kuwait Elections: Clampdown on Campaign Finance to Curb Political Funding

Observers estimate the average spending by a candidate in Kuwait to be around one million dollars (KUNA)
Observers estimate the average spending by a candidate in Kuwait to be around one million dollars (KUNA)

A former candidate for Kuwait’s National Assembly (Parliament) has complained about the high costs of election campaigns, and voiced their frustration by having to run multiple times in just a few years, especially given Kuwait’s unstable political climate.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat under the conditions of anonymity, the former candidate raised concerns about the financial burden of campaigning, saying it’s becoming impossible to compete with rivals who have strong backing.

This hopeful entered the electoral race twice, first in the annulled 2022 elections, and again in 2023, failing to secure victory on both occasions.

“The financial expenses have drained me; I am no longer able to keep up with competitors who enjoy support from influential parties,” said the ex-candidate.

This highlights ongoing issues with monitoring campaign finances in Kuwait’s elections. Despite efforts to pass laws regulating campaign funding, progress has been slow.

The "Election Commission" law could have played a role in monitoring campaign finances and ensuring fairness among candidates, especially by setting a cap on campaign expenditures.

Despite efforts by parliament, civil society organizations, and the Anti-Corruption Authority to push forward the enactment and implementation of a law regulating election campaign financing, after parliament’s attempts to legislate it for years, it was only passed into law in 2023.

However, it was subsequently suspended by decree.

A legal expert explained to Asharq Al-Awsat that according to Law No. 120 of 2023 (suspended by Law No. 4 of 2024), the “Election Commission” is mandated to establish rules for campaign financing upon its establishment.

On August 1, 2023, the Kuwaiti National Assembly approved a draft law "Establishing a General Election Commission" to oversee elections, regulate the electoral process, and be under the jurisdiction of the Minister of Justice.

The law stipulates that the executive regulations should be issued within 6 months from its effective date, defining rules for advertising, campaigns, electoral expenses, resources, media obligations, and the participation of civil society organizations in monitoring elections.

On February 21, 2024, the Cabinet issued Decree No. 4 of 2024, temporarily suspending the implementation of Law No. 120 of 2023 concerning National Assembly elections.

Campaign costs for candidates start at around 150,000 Kuwaiti dinars (about half a million dollars), but many spend much more, sometimes up to a million dollars, especially those facing tough competition.

Some candidates receive financial support from merchants, businesspeople, and connections.

Without laws to monitor campaign finances, efforts to address political funding are insufficient.

There are accusations of politically influential individuals meddling in elections to control the parliament by funding specific candidates or supporting others to weaken potential rivals.

Lawyer Areej Abdulrahman Hamada says many Kuwaitis are worried about the influence of money in the upcoming 2024 National Assembly elections.

She's concerned about candidates spending a lot on their campaigns, even though their finances seem ordinary.

“Campaign funding is crucial as it can sway election results and undermine the fairness of the process,” Hamada told Asharq Al-Awsat, urging strict oversight to ensure transparency and prevent illegitimate influences on voters’ choices.



Bernard Haykel to Asharq Al-Awsat: Trump’s Visit Reflects Saudi Arabia’s Significant Global Role

US President Donald Trump is welcomed in Riyadh during his visit to the Kingdom in May 2017. (SPA)
US President Donald Trump is welcomed in Riyadh during his visit to the Kingdom in May 2017. (SPA)
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Bernard Haykel to Asharq Al-Awsat: Trump’s Visit Reflects Saudi Arabia’s Significant Global Role

US President Donald Trump is welcomed in Riyadh during his visit to the Kingdom in May 2017. (SPA)
US President Donald Trump is welcomed in Riyadh during his visit to the Kingdom in May 2017. (SPA)

Dr. Bernard Haykel, professor of Near Eastern Studies at Princeton University, said US President Donald Trump’s visit to Saudi Arabia on Tuesday is very important and that it sends messages not just to the international community, but inside the US itself.

The messages indicate that Saudi Arabia is the most important country for American interests, not just in the Middle East, but the entire world, Haykel told Asharq Al-Awsat in an interview.

Haykel added that Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Saudi Crown Prince and Prime Minister, has dedicated his life in service of his country and has set national interests above all else.

Haykel expects Trump’s visit to Riyadh to yield several bilateral agreements. The deals may cover vital sectors such as AI, the development of a peaceful nuclear program and facilitating arms deals.

He ruled out, however, reaching any agreement that would pave the way for the normalization of ties between Saudi Arabia and Israel. Such an agreement must be tied with a clear pledge from Israel to establish an independent sovereign Palestinian state.

‘Excellent’ relations

Trump’s visit is expected to be a success on several levels, notably on the level of bilateral ties or files related the war on Ukraine, Haykel went on to say.

Relations between Riyadh and Washington are “excellent”, as they have been during the final two year’s of former President Joe Biden’s term in office, despite the difference in policies, he noted.

Trump’s return to the White House has restored momentum in the bilateral relations, while Saudi Arabia recognizes the differences between the former and current administration, he continued.

The Kingdom has managed to build solid relations with both the Republican and Democratic parties based on its firm policy that is founded on consolidating regional security and stability, explained Haykel.

This policy intersects with American interests in several files, most notably achieving regional peace and over Iran’s nuclear program.

Trump and Biden both oppose Iran developing nuclear weapons, Haykel said.

Saudi Arabia’s global standing

By choosing Saudi Arabia again as the destination of his first foreign visit, Trump is clearly saying that the Kingdom is the United States’ most important partner, not just in the Middle East, but the world, Haykel added.

The Kingdom’s role in complex international files, such as the Russian-Ukrainian war, consolidated its standing as an influential global player, he remarked.

He warned, however, that the visit is not without its risks. He explained that Trump still faces severe internal opposition, and his rivals will use the visit to target Saudi Arabia in the media.

Circumstances, though, have changed since his first term in office. The media attacks will not be as intense as the first time he visited the Kingdom given its balanced foreign policy and strong ties with the Republican and Democratic parties, predicted Haykel.

On this note, he hailed Crown Prince Mohammed’s ability to forge strong ties with world leaders. He has dedicated his life to serving the Kingdom and so, he realizes the importance of establishing strong ties with various world leaders.

The Crown Prince places Saudi interests above all else as demonstrated by his decision to open a new chapter in relations with Iran, for example, Haykel said.

No normalization

During Trump’s visit, Riyadh and Washington will likely negotiate a number of strategic agreements that cover security cooperation, a peaceful nuclear program, exchange of goods, AI and facilitating US arms sales to the Kingdom.

Some of these agreements were tied to Saudi Arabia normalizing ties with Israel, said Haykel, but such a deal is unlikely to happen without the latter making real concessions to the Palestinians, starting with accepting the establishment of an independent Palestinian state.

It is obvious that Saudi Arabia will not go ahead with the normalization, he stressed. Strategic agreements will be separated from the normalization efforts.