Saudi-Syrian Investment Forum 2025 Aims for Lasting Economic Partnership

Investment Minister Khalid Al-Falih laid the foundation stone for the “'Fayhaa'” white cement factory in Adra Industrial City, northeast of Damascus (SANA)
Investment Minister Khalid Al-Falih laid the foundation stone for the “'Fayhaa'” white cement factory in Adra Industrial City, northeast of Damascus (SANA)
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Saudi-Syrian Investment Forum 2025 Aims for Lasting Economic Partnership

Investment Minister Khalid Al-Falih laid the foundation stone for the “'Fayhaa'” white cement factory in Adra Industrial City, northeast of Damascus (SANA)
Investment Minister Khalid Al-Falih laid the foundation stone for the “'Fayhaa'” white cement factory in Adra Industrial City, northeast of Damascus (SANA)

Saudi Arabia’s growing role in Syria’s post-war reconstruction took a major step on Thursday with the launch of the 2025 Saudi-Syrian Investment Forum in Damascus, underscoring Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s push to anchor Riyadh’s influence in shaping Syria’s future economy.

Held under the Crown Prince’s directive, the forum marks a significant political and economic milestone, signaling the Kingdom’s intent to forge a sustainable partnership with the Syrian government and position itself as a key driver of reconstruction and development in the war-ravaged country.

High-Level Delegation and Billion-Dollar Deals

A Saudi delegation led by Investment Minister Khalid Al-Falih arrived in Damascus on Wednesday, accompanied by more than 120 investors. The high-level visit, expected to result in the signing of dozens of agreements worth billions of dollars, was met with an official reception by Syria’s ministers of economy, energy, and telecommunications.

Also greeting the delegation were Saudi Ambassador to Syria Faisal Al-Mujfel, embassy officials, and figures from both public and private sectors.

The forum, announced earlier by Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Investment, aims to deepen bilateral economic ties and identify joint investment opportunities across key sectors.

Saudi Investment on the Ground

During the visit, Al-Falih laid the foundation stone for the “'Fayhaa'” white cement factory in Adra Industrial City, northeast of Damascus. The facility, slated for completion within months, is among the first major Saudi investments in Syria following a series of exploratory business visits.

Speaking to reporters at the site, Al-Falih said dozens of Saudi companies were ready to invest in Syria across construction, energy, agriculture, IT, and industrial sectors.

“We will announce tomorrow the planned investment volumes for the Syrian market,” he added.

The white cement plant is valued at around 100 million riyals ($27 million) with a projected annual output of 150,000 tons. It is expected to create 130 direct jobs and more than 1,000 indirect positions.

Reviving a War-Torn Economy

The forum comes as the Syrian government, now led by President Ahmed Al-Sharaa following the ouster of Bashar al-Assad late last year, seeks to attract international investors to help rebuild a country devastated by 14 years of war.

While UN estimates put Syria’s reconstruction needs at $400 billion, Damascus says the actual cost could reach $600 billion.

Riyadh has also led high-level diplomatic efforts to ease Western sanctions on Syria. The campaign culminated in US President Donald Trump’s decision to lift certain restrictions during his recent visit to Riyadh, following discussions with the Saudi Crown Prince.

"Start of a New Chapter"

Issam Zuhair Al-Ghreiwati, Deputy Chairman of the Syrian Chambers of Commerce and head of Damascus’s Chamber of Commerce, called the Saudi delegation “the largest and most significant from any Arab country.”

“This is the most important economic event in Syria since the liberation and the relaunch of our economy,” Al-Ghreiwati told Asharq Al-Awsat.

He said Saudi investors were returning after 14 years of absence, marking a “new era of cooperation” between the two countries.

“Syria was off the investment map due to the previous regime,” he said. “Now, with the rise of a new government and the immense financial surpluses in Saudi Arabia looking for emerging markets, we are entering what could become the largest Arab economic partnership.”

Al-Ghreiwati said Syria had reformed investment laws, liberalized foreign exchange controls, and modernized trade regulations, rapidly shifting toward a free-market economy. “We now have one of the most attractive investment landscapes in the region,” he said.

Saudi Commitment Seen as Transformational

He added that the most critical takeaway from the forum was Saudi Arabia’s confidence in Syria’s recovery. “This isn’t just about money; it’s about belief in Syria’s future,” he said. “The Kingdom sees Syria as a nation rebounding from crisis, not a liability. There’s no turning back.”

The private sector, he said, sees this event as “the official green light for reconstruction, with Saudi Arabia leading the economic charge.”

Challenges Remain

Despite the optimism, experts warn that Syria’s fragile economy faces major hurdles, including inflation, currency volatility, and limited purchasing power.

Mohammad Al-Hallak, deputy head of the Economic Sciences Association and former vice president of Damascus’s Chamber of Commerce, said the focus now must be on restoring industrial output and job creation.

“We need to restart the production cycle quickly,” Al-Hallak told Asharq Al-Awsat. “This forum must go beyond talks. We need actionable partnerships.”

He urged Saudi Arabia to support Syrian exports through specialized exhibitions and to foster demand for Syrian products. “Increased demand drives production, which creates jobs and strengthens purchasing power,” he said.

Al-Hallak also called for the creation of a Saudi-Syrian joint bank to facilitate cross-border financial transactions and investment flows. “That would be the most practical first step to convert goodwill into real momentum,” he said.

‘Syria Is Thirsty for Investment’

“There are enormous investment opportunities here—in tourism, trade, industry, agriculture, insurance, banking, and the stock market,” Al-Hallak said. “Syria is one of the most investment-hungry nations in the world right now.”

He emphasized that Riyadh’s leadership sees Syria not through a lens of transactional interest but as a country to support and integrate into a shared economic future.

“Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman is not dealing with Syria as an equal party in negotiation,” he said. “He sees it as a responsibility—Saudi Arabia is stepping in to help rebuild, not to exploit.”

When asked if there was an estimate of the total investment Syria needs in the next phase, Al-Hallak replied: “There’s no ceiling. Syria will absorb every dollar that comes its way. This is just the beginning.”



OECD Lifts 2026 Global Growth Forecast to 2.9% Despite Mideast War

OECD Lifts 2026 Global Growth Forecast to 2.9% Despite Mideast War
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OECD Lifts 2026 Global Growth Forecast to 2.9% Despite Mideast War

OECD Lifts 2026 Global Growth Forecast to 2.9% Despite Mideast War

Economic growth has remained "resilient" in many countries despite the war in the Middle East, the OECD said Wednesday as it slightly raised its GDP forecasts for the year.

Global economic growth is now seen at 2.9 percent, a 0.1-point increase from estimates in June by the Paris-based group of 38 industrialized countries.

Even though energy prices have soared since the United States and Israel launched strikes against Iran last February, the OECD noted that "broader financial conditions remain supportive", as seen in rising equity markets and continued access to credit.

"Sizeable oil inventories, additional supply from outside the Gulf economies and discretionary government support measures all helped to cushion the impact on the global economy," the group said in its quarterly update.

It also cited the massive investments in artificial intelligence and the resulting boost to production and trade, which could result in "stronger growth than projected".

But global growth has slowed sharply from the 3.4 percent chalked up last year, and the group trimmed its 2027 growth forecast by 0.1 percentage point, to three percent.

Governments have started raising interest rates to contain inflation pressures stemming from high oil and gas prices, which have sent diesel and other fuel costs to highs not seen in years.

That has sent government bond yields to levels not seen since the global financial crisis of 2007-2008, pushing up borrowing costs even as countries worldwide grapple with high debt and deficits.

"Rising bond yields underline more than ever the need for enhanced efforts to contain and reallocate government spending, improve public-sector efficiency and strengthen revenues to ensure longer-term debt sustainability and maintain the ability of governments to react to significant shocks," the OECD said.

It also warned of prolonged inflation if the Mideast war continues, with price increases in the G20 group of developing and emerging economies seen at 4.1 percent overall this year.

"Other significant downside risks include potential weather-related supply shocks, including a very strong El Nino, that adversely impact agricultural production and add to rising food price pressures," AFP quoted it as saying.

For the United States, it expects GDP to expand 2.2 percent this year, up 0.2 points from its June forecast, while the eurozone could see growth of one percent, also up 0.2 points.

Japan's growth is now seen at 0.8 percent, up 0.2 points, while the forecast for the Chinese economy, the world's second largest, was held steady at 4.5 percent.

For the G20, the OECD sees growth of 3.1 percent.


IMF: Egypt Absorbs Economic Shocks of War

A man walks past a traditional sidewalk kiosk in Cairo on September 18, 2026 (AFP)
A man walks past a traditional sidewalk kiosk in Cairo on September 18, 2026 (AFP)
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IMF: Egypt Absorbs Economic Shocks of War

A man walks past a traditional sidewalk kiosk in Cairo on September 18, 2026 (AFP)
A man walks past a traditional sidewalk kiosk in Cairo on September 18, 2026 (AFP)

Egypt has weathered one of the region's largest recent economic shocks without a broader downturn, benefiting from improved international reserves, exchange rate flexibility, and a swift policy response.

However, the economy’s ability to remain resilient will continue to depend on addressing chronic weaknesses, including high public debt, large financing needs, the banking sector’s elevated exposure to the government, and the expanding role of the state in economic activity.

The findings were published in a country focus prepared by Amine Mati, IMF’s mission chief for Egypt, and Yevgeniya Korniyenko, a senior economist at the IMF’s Middle East and Central Asia Department.

Entitled ‘Resilience Under Pressure: Egypt's Economy Defied Expectations,’ the two economists found that policy reforms undertaken under the IMF-supported program had strengthened growth, put inflation on a downward path, and helped rebuild international reserves and improve banks’ foreign asset positions.

Also, the IMF’s latest assessments indicate that gross financing needs are expected to remain around 40% of GDP in the near term and decline only gradually to below 30% by 2030. More broadly, the state footprint in the economy remains excessively high.

Economy Absorbs Shocks

According to the IMF, Egypt entered the latest period of regional conflict in a stronger macroeconomic position than during previous episodes of external stress.

The Fund said policy reforms undertaken under its-supported program had strengthened growth, put inflation on a downward path, and helped rebuild international reserves and improve banks’ foreign asset positions.

Also, the Fund noted that financial markets reacted sharply.

“Nonresident holdings of local-currency government debt fell from $39.1 billion in February to $22.2 billion in early April, while the Egyptian pound depreciated by about 14–17%,” it wrote.

As pressures eased, portfolio inflows resumed, non-resident holdings returned to near pre-conflict levels, and the pound recovered much of its initial losses.

The IMF linked this performance to the fact that exchange rate flexibility absorbed external pressures, while energy price adjustments in the wake of higher international oil prices, spending restraint, and expanded targeted support helped preserve policy discipline.

Non-Stop Growth

In its country focus, the IMF found that the financial shock in Egypt did not spill over into a broader economic downturn.

“Growth remained strong, reaching 5.0% in the third quarter of FY2025/26, while tourism stayed resilient, remittances surged to record highs, and Suez Canal activity continued its gradual recovery following some temporary disruption amid the regional turmoil,” it wrote.

Also, fiscal pressures were contained through revenue mobilization and expenditure restraint.

As for inflation, it rose in response to the currency depreciation and energy price adjustments, but the increase proved less severe than expected, although the path back to the inflation target was pushed back by a year.

Crucially, the IMF said, international reserves remained comfortably above adequate levels despite initial capital outflows, reflecting exchange rate flexibility in absorbing external pressures—a key difference from past episodes.

Gross Financing Needs Still High

The latest shock demonstrated Egypt’s improved resilience, but significant vulnerabilities remain, the IMF found.

It said public debt and gross financing needs are still high, financing relies heavily on short maturities, and banks’ exposure to the government remains elevated.

The fund warned that these vulnerabilities—particularly amid heightened global uncertainty—leave Egypt exposed to shifts in global financing conditions and renewed external shocks, while reinforcing the sovereign-bank nexus and increasing the risk of fiscal dominance.

Large government financing needs can also crowd out private sector credit and investment, it said.

The report found that reducing public debt and high gross financing needs will require stronger debt management, with a shift toward longer-term, market-based financing, a broader investor base, and deeper domestic debt markets to reduce refinancing risks and strengthen debt sustainability.

Most importantly, it said, “more decisive implementation of the State Ownership Policy and divestment program, stronger governance of state-owned enterprises, and greater competition will be critical to reducing the state’s footprint and creating the conditions for stronger private sector led growth.”


Ban on US Diesel Exports Would Hurt, Not Help Fuel Markets, Analysts Say

Gas and diesel prices are displayed at a Mobil station, Tuesday, Sept. 22, 2026, in Los Angeles. (AP Photo/Richard Vogel)
Gas and diesel prices are displayed at a Mobil station, Tuesday, Sept. 22, 2026, in Los Angeles. (AP Photo/Richard Vogel)
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Ban on US Diesel Exports Would Hurt, Not Help Fuel Markets, Analysts Say

Gas and diesel prices are displayed at a Mobil station, Tuesday, Sept. 22, 2026, in Los Angeles. (AP Photo/Richard Vogel)
Gas and diesel prices are displayed at a Mobil station, Tuesday, Sept. 22, 2026, in Los Angeles. (AP Photo/Richard Vogel)

US President Donald Trump on Tuesday said he backed the idea of a diesel export ban as a way to lower prices that have hit record highs due to a global supply shortage. But analysts and market watchers warn that such a measure would do little to ease high energy prices, and could worsen supply and economic disruptions around the globe, Reuters said.

Trump's comments come as average US diesel prices have jumped to a record $6.5107 a gallon, according to AAA. Diesel is critical to the global economy because it powers transportation, farm equipment and the machinery used to make and move goods.

Shortages in the fuel can lead to price spikes that stoke inflation by raising the cost of moving everything from groceries and consumer goods to industrial materials — already a major pain point for Trump and Republicans headed into the November midterm elections.

WHY ‌ARE DIESEL PRICES HIGH?

Diesel ‌prices have surged amid supply disruptions from Ukrainian strikes on Russia's refineries and the US-Iran ‌war, which ⁠has disrupted or ⁠halted trade along major routes including the Strait of Hormuz. The US is a major exporter of diesel, and countries have increasingly turned to it amid disruptions abroad.

The US exported a record 1.6 million barrels per day of diesel in August, up from about 1 million bpd in February before the war began. Top buyers include Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Peru, Morocco, France and the United Kingdom, according to Kpler.

US on-road diesel inventories have fallen to 96.97 million barrels, nearly 13% under the seasonal average for the previous five years. The drop in inventories comes even as refiners in the US are running at about 97% of capacity.

HOW WOULD A BAN IMPACT THE MARKET?

Major trade groups, including ⁠the American Petroleum Institute, oppose a ban on diesel exports.

"Restricting US diesel exports would wreak ‌havoc on fuel markets at home and abroad, destabilize refinery operations and deepen a global ‌refining crisis already putting upward pressure on US prices. Gulf Coast refineries produce more diesel than the region consumes, while geography and infrastructure constraints prevent ‌that surplus from simply being redirected to every US market that needs it," the API said in a statement.

A ban ‌on diesel exports would push up prices of diesel globally, while pushing down prices in the United States and hurting US refining margins, analysts warned.

"Initially, a diesel ban would send global prices skyrocketing... A ban could raise world prices by as much as 100%, given the fuel’s low price elasticity of demand," said energy economist Philip Verleger.

Any ban would likely push refineries to cut the amount of crude they process. If US refineries cut ‌runs, it would also lower the amount of gasoline and other products produced and push up prices for those fuels, analysts and traders said.

"Banning exports of diesel would drive refiners ⁠to cut runs because the physical ⁠market they can access would be cut, and no market participant in any market sells product at a loss. While an export ban might have a very short-term impact that lowers price, it would not be long-lived...," said Kenneth Medlock III, a fellow in Energy and Resource Economics at the Baker Institute for Public Policy.

WHAT ARE THE POLITICAL AND GEOPOLITICAL IMPLICATIONS?

Some Republican Senate candidates in the most competitive races for the November 3 elections called for administration to implement the export ban to try to alleviate high costs for Americans.

“It is more of political soundings than actual reality,” said Jim Mitchell, director of oil trading analytics at consultancy Wood Mackenzie.

While a diesel export ban could, in theory, lower prices in the United States, it would not ease tightness in Europe, which is structurally short diesel and relies heavily on supplies from the US Gulf Coast.

"That would seem pretty damaging to some key US allies," Mitchell said.

"A ban on US diesel exports, even if temporary, would have the same long-term effect as President (Richard) Nixon’s soybean embargo: the world would no longer view the United States as a dependable source," Verleger said. In 1973 Nixon imposed a temporary soybean embargo that angered importers including Japan and, some analysts say, led to greater dependence on Brazil for the commodity.