Trial of Yemeni Activists Raises Notion of ‘Settling Scores’ among Houthi Factions

Houthi fighters during a parade in Sanaa (EPA)
Houthi fighters during a parade in Sanaa (EPA)
TT

Trial of Yemeni Activists Raises Notion of ‘Settling Scores’ among Houthi Factions

Houthi fighters during a parade in Sanaa (EPA)
Houthi fighters during a parade in Sanaa (EPA)

Houthis referred four Yemeni activists and celebrities, including YouTuber Mustafa al-Moumry, to a specialized court for terrorism cases on charges of incitement to disturb public peace.

Last year, Mohammed Ali al-Houthi, the Houthi leader's cousin, published a video ordering the release of Moumry, who was detained by security services after criticizing corrupt officials. Houthi asserted he would protect Moumri's right to speak.

However, Mohammed Ali al-Houthi did not comment on the recent detention of Moumry.

Moumry, who frequently used profanity in his speech, appeared in a video criticizing the corruption of Houthi officials. He was arrested and released before appearing in subsequent recordings attacking judges who objected to Mohammed al-Houthi's intervention in their jurisdiction and powers.

Moumry and three other activists were arrested after broadcasting videos confirming that people were dying of hunger and that residents in militia-controlled areas were discontented.

Mohammed Ali al-Houthi remained silent and did not comment on their referral to the court specialized in terrorism cases.

The recent developments raised many questions about whether this was a move to control the factions of Mohammed al-Houthi, whose influence had grown at the expense of his rivals.

Some argue that the arrest aimed to improve the image of the militias, which might later release the four celebrities since they were arrested for a few days and referred to the Houthi prosecution.

The group asked their families to appoint defense lawyers.

Doubts were heightened after the same court issued death sentences a few days ago to several citizens from al-Mahweet and Saada after an enforced disappearance of six years. They were tried in secret sessions without legal representation.

However, the four activists appeared in the first session wearing prison uniforms, smiling, and were allowed to attend the session and photograph it.

Observers also believed the detention was a "play" orchestrated by the militia after the defense lawyer visited the YouTuber and other influencers in prison and claimed he wished to be imprisoned next to them.

He praised the excellent treatment the prisoners received.

Meanwhile, two former militia officials offer a different interpretation of the matter.

They told Asharq Al-Awsat that since his removal from the position of the second man governing the areas controlled by the militias in 2016, Mohammed Ali al-Houthi has been seeking to obtain his share of power.

The group is divided into three wings: one controlled by the director of the office of the Supreme Revolutionary Council, Ahmed Hamid, the Minister of Interior, Abdul Karim al-Houthi, and Mohammed Ali al-Houthi.

- Insulting Al-Mashat

The two sources explained that Abdul Malik al-Houthi opposed the appointment of his cousin as head of the Supreme Political Council to avoid accusations that the al-Houthi dynasty controlled the higher positions in the group.

He insisted on assigning his former office director Mahdi al-Mashat to the position.

The sources admitted that Mohammed al-Houthi was running the Supreme Political Council, and he is the first in the position. They accused him of deliberately belittling Mashat's status by issuing public directives to the government and officials through his account on social media.

Houthi also made field visits, directing officials to resolve residents' issues and improve services, as if he were the de facto ruler.

According to the two sources, Mashat and his manager, Ahmed Hamed, complained to the militia leader, who instructed his cousin to take over the judicial authority and manage it.

In turn, Samir, an alias of a well-known journalist in Sanaa, confirmed that Mohammed Ali al-Houthi established a group of social media activists and an al-Hawiya channel run by the Houthi journalist Mohammad al-Imad. They were tasked with attacking any opposition to establishing the so-called "judicial system" and targeting lawyers and judges.

Samir believed that the referral of the four activists, two days after they alerted the militias to the corruption and people's discontent with their rule, confirmed that the militia leader wanted to limit the authority of his cousin.

He noted the growing public discontent and criticism. He repeated calls for a popular uprising against them, prompting the leader to intervene and limit the role of Mohammed Ali al-Houthi, as he leads the moderate wing within the militias.

The referral of the four activists to a court specialized in terrorism cases aimed to send a message that the militias would suppress any popular movement, said Samir, stressing that even if they were acquitted, the message that the militia leader wanted to deliver was sent.



Israel Cracks Down on Palestinian Citizens Who Speak out against the War in Gaza

The Palestinian health ministry in Gaza said Friday that hospitals have only two days' fuel left before they must restrict services, after the UN warned aid delivery to the war-devastated territory is being crippled. - AFP
The Palestinian health ministry in Gaza said Friday that hospitals have only two days' fuel left before they must restrict services, after the UN warned aid delivery to the war-devastated territory is being crippled. - AFP
TT

Israel Cracks Down on Palestinian Citizens Who Speak out against the War in Gaza

The Palestinian health ministry in Gaza said Friday that hospitals have only two days' fuel left before they must restrict services, after the UN warned aid delivery to the war-devastated territory is being crippled. - AFP
The Palestinian health ministry in Gaza said Friday that hospitals have only two days' fuel left before they must restrict services, after the UN warned aid delivery to the war-devastated territory is being crippled. - AFP

Israel’s yearlong crackdown against Palestinian citizens who speak out against the war in Gaza is prompting many to self-censor out of fear of being jailed and further marginalized in society, while some still find ways to dissent — carefully.
Ahmed Khalefa's life turned upside down after he was charged with inciting terrorism for chanting in solidarity with Gaza at an anti-war protest in October 2023, The Associated Press said.
The lawyer and city counselor from central Israel says he spent three difficult months in jail followed by six months detained in an apartment. It's unclear when he'll get a final verdict on his guilt or innocence. Until then, he's forbidden from leaving his home from dusk to dawn.
Khalefa is one of more than 400 Palestinian citizens of Israel who, since the start of the war in Gaza, have been investigated by police for “incitement to terrorism” or “incitement to violence,” according to Adalah, a legal rights group for minorities. More than half of those investigated were also criminally charged or detained, Adalah said.
“Israel made it clear they see us more as enemies than as citizens,” Khalefa said in an interview at a cafe in his hometown of Umm al-Fahm, Israel's second-largest Palestinian city.
Israel has roughly 2 million Palestinian citizens, whose families remained within the borders of what became Israel in 1948. Among them are Muslims and Christians, and they maintain family and cultural ties to Gaza and the West Bank, which Israel captured in 1967.
Israel says its Palestinian citizens enjoy equal rights, including the right to vote, and they are well-represented in many professions. However, Palestinians are widely discriminated against in areas like housing and the job market.
Israeli authorities have opened more incitement cases against Palestinian citizens during the war in Gaza than in the previous five years combined, Adalah's records show. Israeli authorities have not said how many cases ended in convictions and imprisonment. The Justice Ministry said it did not have statistics on those convictions.
Just being charged with incitement to terrorism or identifying with a terrorist group can land a suspect in detention until they're sentenced, under the terms of a 2016 law.
In addition to being charged as criminals, Palestinians citizens of Israel — who make up around 20% of the country’s population — have lost jobs, been suspended from schools and faced police interrogations posting online or demonstrating, activists and rights watchdogs say.
It’s had a chilling effect.
“Anyone who tries to speak out about the war will be imprisoned and harassed in his work and education,” said Oumaya Jabareen, whose son was jailed for eight months after an anti-war protest. “People here are all afraid, afraid to say no to this war.”
Jabareen was among hundreds of Palestinians who filled the streets of Umm al-Fahm earlier this month carrying signs and chanting political slogans. It appeared to be the largest anti-war demonstration in Israel since the Oct. 7 Hamas attack. But turnout was low, and Palestinian flags and other national symbols were conspicuously absent. In the years before the war, some protests could draw tens of thousands of Palestinians in Israel.
Authorities tolerated the recent protest march, keeping it under heavily armed supervision. Helicopters flew overhead as police with rifles and tear gas jogged alongside the crowd, which dispersed without incident after two hours. Khalefa said he chose not to attend.
Shortly after the Oct. 7 attack, Israel’s far-right government moved quickly to invigorate a task force that has charged Palestinian citizens of Israel with “supporting terrorism” for posts online or protesting against the war. At around the same time, lawmakers amended a security bill to increase surveillance of online activity by Palestinians in Israel, said Nadim Nashif, director of the digital rights group 7amleh. These moves gave authorities more power to restrict freedom of expression and intensify their arrest campaigns, Nashif said.
The task force is led by Itamar Ben-Gvir, a hard-line national security minister who oversees the police. His office said the task force has monitored thousands of posts allegedly expressing support for terror organizations and that police arrested “hundreds of terror supporters,” including public opinion leaders, social media influencers, religious figures, teachers and others.
“Freedom of speech is not the freedom to incite ... which harms public safety and our security,” his office said in a statement.
But activists and rights groups say the government has expanded its definition of incitement much too far, targeting legitimate opinions that are at the core of freedom of expression.
Myssana Morany, a human rights attorney at Adalah, said Palestinian citizens have been charged for seemingly innocuous things like sending a meme of a captured Israeli tank in Gaza in a private WhatsApp group chat. Another person was charged for posting a collage of children’s photos, captioned in Arabic and English: “Where were the people calling for humanity when we were killed?” The feminist activist group Kayan said over 600 women called its hotline because of blowback in the workplace for speaking out against the war or just mentioning it unfavorably.
Over the summer, around two dozen anti-war protesters in the port city of Haifa were only allowed to finish three chants before police forcefully scattered the gathering into the night. Yet Jewish Israelis demanding a hostage release deal protest regularly — and the largest drew hundreds of thousands to the streets of Tel Aviv.
Khalefa, the city counselor, is not convinced the crackdown on speech will end, even if the war eventually does. He said Israeli prosecutors took issue with slogans that broadly praised resistance and urged Gaza to be strong, but which didn’t mention violence or any militant groups. For that, he said, the government is trying to disbar him, and he faces up to eight years in prison.
“They wanted to show us the price of speaking out,” Khalefa said.