France Pushes for Deeper Economic Partnership with Saudi Arabia

Tourists walk around Trocadero Square near the Eiffel Tower on a cold day in Paris, France, November 19, 2025. REUTERS/Sarah Meyssonnier
Tourists walk around Trocadero Square near the Eiffel Tower on a cold day in Paris, France, November 19, 2025. REUTERS/Sarah Meyssonnier
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France Pushes for Deeper Economic Partnership with Saudi Arabia

Tourists walk around Trocadero Square near the Eiffel Tower on a cold day in Paris, France, November 19, 2025. REUTERS/Sarah Meyssonnier
Tourists walk around Trocadero Square near the Eiffel Tower on a cold day in Paris, France, November 19, 2025. REUTERS/Sarah Meyssonnier

A full agenda awaits Nicolas Forissier, France’s minister delegate for foreign trade, during his three-day visit to Saudi Arabia on November 21, a trip that comes as Paris seeks to deepen its economic and commercial ties with Riyadh.

According to the program circulated by the French Foreign Ministry, Forissier is scheduled to meet the Saudi minister of transport and logistics services and the minister of energy, industry and mineral resources on Saturday and Sunday.

He will also take part in the Saudi French Business Forum, hold talks with French economic advisers in Riyadh, and meet the director general of the Riyadh Expo 2030 authority.

His program includes meetings with Saudi business leaders, the director general of Kingdom Holding Company, and the Saudi chair of the business forum.

In a symbolic gesture, Forissier will visit the Qiddiya tourism and entertainment project, the King Fahd Metro station, and its control and monitoring center.

During the Business Forum, a number of contracts between the Saudi and French sides will be signed.

A statement from the French Foreign Ministry said the visit reflects Paris’s desire to strengthen the bilateral economic partnership and support French companies involved in the major transformation projects under Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030.

The ministry said the trip would highlight French expertise in key sectors that include infrastructure, transport, energy, industry and services.

Paris views the visit as a new stage in strengthening France’s presence in Saudi Arabia and supporting the kingdom’s efforts to diversify its economy. It said Forissier’s meetings with Saudi government officials will be dedicated to discussing joint projects under preparation in those main sectors.

Paris also considers the Riyadh Business Forum, which Forissier will help open, an opportunity to showcase French capabilities and offerings in major events, particularly Expo 2030 and the 2034 World Cup.

French diplomatic sources said the trip is Forissier’s first to Saudi Arabia since he assumed his post and that it carries political, economic and strategic dimensions.

They said its purpose is to bolster bilateral relations, reinforce French participation in Saudi mega-projects, and position France as a principal partner in the major international events Riyadh will host in the coming years.

Paris sees the minister’s visit as an extension of the momentum created by President Emmanuel Macron’s 2024 visit to Saudi Arabia, which saw the announcement of around 10 billion euros in contracts and commercial commitments, along with the signing of a treaty establishing a partnership council to guide long-term French Saudi cooperation.

According to the diplomatic sources, the visit comes at a pivotal moment as the Kingdom advances an unprecedented economic transformation under Vision 2030, covering energy, transport, infrastructure, tourism, technology, entertainment and smart cities.

Paris wants to underline that its companies active in these sectors are already significant players.

It cites examples that include Alstom, which built six lines of the Riyadh Metro and is preparing to bid for a seventh, the Paris transport authority RATP, which helps operate the network, and Bouygues Construction, which is implementing the Qiddiya project. France also points to Accor’s role in developing AlUla.

According to the sources, Paris values the high level of trust Saudi authorities place in its companies and their role in delivering upcoming major events.

Official figures show that trade between Saudi Arabia and France reached 7.6 billion euros last year, while France ranked third among major investors with direct investment in the Saudi economy amounting to 17.4 billion dollars in 2023.



IMF and Arab Monetary Fund Sign MoU to Enhance Cooperation

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
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IMF and Arab Monetary Fund Sign MoU to Enhance Cooperation

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Arab Monetary Fund (AMF) signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) on the sidelines of the AlUla Conference on Emerging Market Economies (EME) to enhance cooperation between the two institutions.

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki, SPA reported.

The agreement aims to strengthen coordination in economic and financial policy areas, including surveillance and lending activities, data and analytical exchange, capacity building, and the provision of technical assistance, in support of regional financial and economic stability.

Both sides affirmed that the MoU represents an important step toward deepening their strategic partnership and strengthening the regional financial safety net, serving member countries and enhancing their ability to address economic challenges.


Saudi Chambers Federation Announces First Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council

File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
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Saudi Chambers Federation Announces First Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council

File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT

The Federation of Saudi Chambers announced the formation of the first joint Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council for its inaugural term (1447–1451 AH) and the election of Salman bin Hassan Al-Oqayel as its chairman.

Al-Oqayel said the council’s formation marks a pivotal milestone in economic relations between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, reflecting a practical approach to enabling the business sectors in both countries to capitalize on promising investment opportunities and strengthen bilateral trade and investment partnerships, SPA reported.

He noted that trade between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait reached approximately SAR9.5 billion by the end of November 2025, including SAR8 billion in Saudi exports and SAR1.5 billion in Kuwaiti imports.


Leading Harvard Trade Economist Says Saudi Arabia Holds Key to Success in Fragmented Global Economy

Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
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Leading Harvard Trade Economist Says Saudi Arabia Holds Key to Success in Fragmented Global Economy

Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).

Harvard University economics professor Pol Antràs said Saudi Arabia represents an exceptional model in the shifting global trade landscape, differing fundamentally from traditional emerging-market frameworks. He also stressed that globalization has not ended but has instead re-formed into what he describes as fragmented integration.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat on the sidelines of the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies, Antràs said Saudi Arabia’s Vision-driven structural reforms position the Kingdom to benefit from the ongoing phase of fragmented integration, adding that the country’s strategic focus on logistics transformation and artificial intelligence constitutes a key engine for sustainable growth that extends beyond the volatility of global crises.

Antràs, the Robert G. Ory Professor of Economics at Harvard University, is one of the leading contemporary theorists of international trade. His research, which reshaped understanding of global value chains, focuses on how firms organize cross-border production and how regulation and technological change influence global trade flows and corporate decision-making.

He said conventional classifications of economies often obscure important structural differences, noting that the term emerging markets groups together countries with widely divergent industrial bases. Economies that depend heavily on manufacturing exports rely critically on market access and trade integration and therefore face stronger competitive pressures from Chinese exports that are increasingly shifting toward alternative markets.

Saudi Arabia, by contrast, exports extensively while facing limited direct competition from China in its primary export commodity, a situation that creates a strategic opportunity. The current environment allows the Kingdom to obtain imports from China at lower cost and access a broader range of goods that previously flowed largely toward the United States market.

Addressing how emerging economies should respond to dumping pressures and rising competition, Antràs said countries should minimize protectionist tendencies and instead position themselves as committed participants in the multilateral trading system, allowing foreign producers to access domestic markets while encouraging domestic firms to expand internationally.

He noted that although Chinese dumping presents concerns for countries with manufacturing sectors that compete directly with Chinese production, the risk is lower for Saudi Arabia because it does not maintain a large manufacturing base that overlaps directly with Chinese exports. Lower-cost imports could benefit Saudi consumers, while targeted policy tools such as credit programs, subsidies, and support for firms seeking to redesign and upgrade business models represent more effective responses than broad protectionist measures.

Globalization has not ended

Antràs said globalization continues but through more complex structures, with trade agreements increasingly negotiated through diverse arrangements rather than relying primarily on multilateral negotiations. Trade deals will continue to be concluded, but they are likely to become more complex, with uncertainty remaining a defining feature of the global trading environment.

Interest rates and artificial intelligence

According to Antràs, high global interest rates, combined with the additional risk premiums faced by emerging markets, are constraining investment, particularly in sectors that require export financing, capital expenditure, and continuous quality upgrading.

However, he noted that elevated interest rates partly reflect expectations of stronger long-term growth driven by artificial intelligence and broader technological transformation.

He also said if those growth expectations materialize, productivity gains could enable small and medium-sized enterprises to forecast demand more accurately and identify previously untapped markets, partially offsetting the negative effects of higher borrowing costs.

Employment concerns and the role of government

The Harvard professor warned that labor markets face a dual challenge stemming from intensified Chinese export competition and accelerating job automation driven by artificial intelligence, developments that could lead to significant disruptions, particularly among younger workers. He said governments must adopt proactive strategies requiring substantial fiscal resources to mitigate near-term labor-market shocks.

According to Antràs, productivity growth remains the central condition for success: if new technologies deliver the anticipated productivity gains, governments will gain the fiscal space needed to compensate affected groups and retrain the workforce, achieving a balance between addressing short-term disruptions and investing in long-term strategic gains.