New Hamas Security Measures amid Fears of Overseas Assassinations

The building damaged in the Israeli strike on Hamas leaders in Doha last September (Reuters)
The building damaged in the Israeli strike on Hamas leaders in Doha last September (Reuters)
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New Hamas Security Measures amid Fears of Overseas Assassinations

The building damaged in the Israeli strike on Hamas leaders in Doha last September (Reuters)
The building damaged in the Israeli strike on Hamas leaders in Doha last September (Reuters)

Hamas is increasingly bracing for what it sees as a looming Israeli assassination attempt against senior figures operating outside Palestinian territory.

Senior officials in the movement told Asharq Al-Awsat that concern has been mounting over a potential strike targeting Hamas’s top echelon, particularly after the killing of senior Lebanese Hezbollah official Haitham Tabtabai.

The sources said that despite “reassurance messages” conveyed by the United States to several parties, including mediators in Türkiye, Qatar and Egypt, that last September’s Doha operation will not be repeated, the movement’s leadership “does not trust Israel”.

One source linked “expectations of a new assassination attempt with the Israeli government’s efforts to obstruct the second phase of the ceasefire agreement and its claim that the movement has no intention of advancing toward a deal”.

According to the sources, Hamas’s leadership has tightened security measures since the attempted assassination in Doha, convinced that “Israel will continue tracking the leadership and locating them through different methods, foremost of which are advanced technologies”.

A “non-Arab state”

A Hamas source said “there are assessments that the movement’s leaders may be targeted in a non-Arab state”, declining to identify it.

Since the start of the war on Gaza in October 2023, Israel has threatened and carried out overseas assassinations against Hamas leaders. It first killed Saleh al-Arouri, the movement’s deputy leader, in Beirut in January 2024, then killed the head of its political bureau, Ismail Haniyeh, in Tehran in July 2024.

Israel then attempted to eliminate the movement’s leadership council in the Doha operation.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu later apologized to Qatar after pressure from US President Donald Trump.

US envoys Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner subsequently met Khalil al-Hayya, head of the Hamas delegation for ceasefire talks, who had been a primary target in the Doha operation.

“New security instructions”

Asharq Al-Awsat reviewed an internal directive distributed to Hamas leaders abroad regarding personal security and precautionary measures to prevent possible assassinations or at least reduce their impact.

The new instructions, which appear to have been drafted by security experts, say all fixed meetings in a single location must be canceled, and that leaders should resort to irregular meetings in rotating locations.

The instructions also require leaders to “keep mobile phones completely away from meeting sites by no less than 70 meters, and to ban the entry of any medical or electronic devices including watches into meeting venues. There must be no air conditioners, internet routers, television screens or even home intercom systems.”

The guidelines stress the need to “constantly inspect meeting venues in case miniature cameras have been planted anywhere through human agents, particularly since Israeli security services resort to installing cameras and spying devices during maintenance work inside buildings that they identify as future targets”.

The document warns leaders that “Israel relies on a chain of elements to monitor and track its targets, including human factors such as cleaning staff or others, or even individuals in the first circle around the wanted person, as well as mobile phones and other tools that can be used for surveillance such as screens, air conditioners and more”.

It adds that “switching off phones alone does not prevent tracking, especially since there is the ability to hack any device operating through Wi-Fi. Smart watches and similar devices can be used to determine the number of people in any room. Several types of missiles can also penetrate any wall or building and reach their target in a very short period”.

Gaza commander survives

Meanwhile, Israel on Wednesday attempted to assassinate a commander in the Rafah Brigade of the Qassam Brigades, the Hamas military wing, after bombing a tent sheltering his family in the Mawasi area of Khan Younis in southern Gaza.

The strike came hours after four Israeli soldiers were wounded in a firefight with Qassam gunmen in Rafah as the troops emerged from tunnels.

Sources told Asharq Al-Awsat that the targeted figure survived. He is the intelligence chief of the Rafah Brigade.

Israel had previously said it succeeded in dismantling the Rafah Brigade completely and eliminating it, but successive operations carried out by armed cells from the brigade inside the city, which is under Israeli control, have fueled significant doubt about Israel’s narrative.



Hamas Disarmament, Reconstruction Plan Hinge on Gaza Truce Understandings

A Palestinian child pulls containers filled with water at the Jabalia refugee camp in the northern Gaza Strip (AFP)
A Palestinian child pulls containers filled with water at the Jabalia refugee camp in the northern Gaza Strip (AFP)
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Hamas Disarmament, Reconstruction Plan Hinge on Gaza Truce Understandings

A Palestinian child pulls containers filled with water at the Jabalia refugee camp in the northern Gaza Strip (AFP)
A Palestinian child pulls containers filled with water at the Jabalia refugee camp in the northern Gaza Strip (AFP)

Attention is once again turning to the stalled second phase of the Gaza ceasefire agreement, as momentum builds toward its long-delayed implementation and questions mount over how its most contentious provisions will be handled, notably those concerning the disarmament of Hamas and the reconstruction of the war-ravaged enclave.

The anticipated provisions, unfolding amid ongoing Israeli obstacles and violations since the agreement took effect months ago, require further understanding to push the ceasefire forward, experts told Asharq Al-Awsat.

They estimated that Washington would exert significant pressure to complete the agreement, driven by its need to do so to support its presidency of the Peace Council, whose role remains disputed between the United States and Western countries.

Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty, in a phone call with his Emirati counterpart Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan, voiced support for US President Donald Trump’s initiative to launch the Peace Council and welcomed the move, according to a statement by Egypt’s Foreign Ministry on Friday.

Abdelatty stressed the importance of moving ahead with the requirements of the second phase of the US president’s plan, backing the national committee to administer Gaza, and swiftly deploying an international stabilization force to monitor the ceasefire, paving the way for early recovery and reconstruction.

Meanwhile, Israel’s i24NEWS website reported on Thursday that “understandings are taking shape between the United States and Hamas regarding disarmament in the Gaza Strip.” It said an upcoming meeting between US envoy Steve Witkoff and senior Hamas official Khalil al-Hayya would seek to bridge gaps between the two sides and examine whether a disarmament agreement could be advanced while preserving Israel’s security and reducing security threats.

Witkoff is expected to meet al-Hayya soon to discuss a draft agreement that includes, among other issues, arrangements for dismantling weapons in the enclave, including distinguishing between heavy and light arms, to sign what would be called an “understanding agreement” on firearms, rather than a weapons surrender deal.

Disarmament is not the only issue under discussion. Talk has also intensified over reconstruction, which Egypt and Arab states insist should cover the entire Gaza Strip, in line with the Egyptian plan approved by Arab leaders in March 2025.

By contrast, US President Trump’s son-in-law, Jared Kushner, said on Thursday in Davos that Washington envisions a “new Gaza,” transforming the war-ravaged territory into a luxury resort within three years.

Said Okasha, a political analyst specializing in Israeli affairs at the Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies, said the remaining provisions of the Gaza agreement clearly require further understandings, especially on Hamas disarmament and reconstruction, given the current uncertainty over Israel’s positions.

He said Israel accepts low-intensity attacks but rejects any withdrawal or reconstruction without the complete disarmament of Hamas. Any gradual disarmament understandings may not be accepted and could obstruct the phase, pushing the parties back to new negotiations with mediators. Still, he said, there is no alternative to continuing talks at this critical time.

Palestinian political analyst Nizar Nazzal said the US understanding of Hamas’ weapons differs from Israel’s zero-tolerance approach, and that understandings may emerge from the Witkoff-al-Hayya meeting to freeze or manage the arms issue.

He expected Hamas to find common ground with Washington on the matter, bolstering implementation of the agreement.

In his speech at the Davos forum on Thursday, Kushner stressed that Hamas disarmament is one of the ceasefire provisions in force since Oct. 10, saying it would encourage companies and donors to commit to the enclave.

He outlined what he called a “new Gaza” within three years and called for at least $25 billion in investments to rebuild infrastructure and public services.

Okasha said Kushner’s plan may be the most likely to move forward, provided understandings are reached with mediators on how to implement it.

Nazzal, however, cast doubt on Kushner’s remarks, saying he presented videos depicting Gaza as a paradise, but that Washington’s track record in resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict does not inspire confidence, raising expectations that fighting could resume.

Amid these concerns, Israel’s public broadcaster reported on Thursday that Israel had settled the issue of operating the Rafah border crossing with Egypt, saying it would establish an additional crossing, “Rafah 2,” adjacent to the existing one and operated by Israel itself.

The broadcaster said the main crossing would be run by the European Union Border Assistance Mission, with participation from officers of the Palestinian Authority’s General Intelligence Service. In contrast, the new crossing would be subject to Shin Bet checks and Israeli remote screening procedures, including facial imaging and identity card verification.

Okasha said the new crossing would likely be built inside Palestinian territory rather than on the Egyptian border, possibly near the Karni crossing, noting that Cairo would reject any arrangement on its border with Israel.

He added that Israel does not want to take any additional steps under the agreement, but that US pressure remains decisive in implementing its provisions.

Nazzal said Israel does not want more crossings but seeks to assert its sovereignty through control over any crossing, using it to apply pressure in future solutions that advance its gains.

He stressed that the United States would not allow Israel or others to derail the “Trump plan,” predicting Israeli withdrawals, increased aid, the reopening of Rafah, and further positive developments.


Report: US Pressures Iraq to ‘Rapidly’ Disarm Iran-Backed Factions

Iraqi border security force personnel patrol in their armored vehicles along the border with Syria, in Sinjar district, northern Iraq on January 22, 2026. (AFP)
Iraqi border security force personnel patrol in their armored vehicles along the border with Syria, in Sinjar district, northern Iraq on January 22, 2026. (AFP)
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Report: US Pressures Iraq to ‘Rapidly’ Disarm Iran-Backed Factions

Iraqi border security force personnel patrol in their armored vehicles along the border with Syria, in Sinjar district, northern Iraq on January 22, 2026. (AFP)
Iraqi border security force personnel patrol in their armored vehicles along the border with Syria, in Sinjar district, northern Iraq on January 22, 2026. (AFP)

US officials have been pressuring Iraq to disarm Iran-backed armed factions, reported the Financial Times on Friday.

“In tense meetings with senior Iraqi political leaders tasked with forming the next government, US officials have in recent weeks also pushed the Iraqis to produce a ‘credible’ plan to rapidly disarm the groups,” it said.

Washington is exerting pressure on senior Iraqi politicians to form a government that excludes those factions, amid US President Donald Trump's efforts to curb Tehran's influence in Baghdad.

The newspaper quoted informed sources as saying that American officials threatened to take punitive measures if Baghdad did not do so, including economic measures, such as limiting dollar flows related to Iraqi oil sales.

Since 2003, under an arrangement after the American invasion of Iraq, Washington has been sending Baghdad cash shipments worth billions of dollars annually via monthly air freight flights, which are funds collected from Iraqi oil sales, the proceeds of which are deposited in the country's account with the Federal Reserve.

However, the United States has long been concerned that armed factions and Iran would use these funds. In 2015, Washington temporarily suspended dollar supplies to Baghdad amid concerns that they were flowing to Tehran and the ISIS extremist group.

The sources said that Iraqis fear instability and the outbreak of an economic crisis if Washington stops these supplies again.


Israel Aims to Ensure More Palestinians Are Let Out of Gaza than Back In

People stand at the gate of the border crossing between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, in Rafah, Egypt, February 11, 2025. REUTERS/Amr Abdallah Dalsh
People stand at the gate of the border crossing between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, in Rafah, Egypt, February 11, 2025. REUTERS/Amr Abdallah Dalsh
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Israel Aims to Ensure More Palestinians Are Let Out of Gaza than Back In

People stand at the gate of the border crossing between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, in Rafah, Egypt, February 11, 2025. REUTERS/Amr Abdallah Dalsh
People stand at the gate of the border crossing between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, in Rafah, Egypt, February 11, 2025. REUTERS/Amr Abdallah Dalsh

Israel wants to restrict the number of Palestinians entering Gaza through the border crossing with Egypt to ensure that more are allowed out than ​in, three sources briefed on the matter said ahead of the border's expected opening next week.

The head of a transitional Palestinian committee backed by the US to temporarily administer Gaza, Ali Shaath, announced on Thursday that the Rafah Border Crossing - effectively the sole route in or out of Gaza for nearly all of the more than 2 million people who live there - would open next week.

The border was supposed to have opened during the initial phase of President Donald Trump's plan to end the war, under a ceasefire reached in October between Israel and Hamas.

Earlier this month, Washington announced that the plan had now ‌moved into the ‌second phase, under which Israel is expected to withdraw troops further from ‌Gaza ⁠and ​Hamas ‌is due to yield control of the territory's administration. The Gaza side of the crossing has been under Israeli military control since 2024.

The three sources, who spoke on condition of anonymity due to the sensitivity of the issue, said it was still not clear how Israel planned to enforce limits on the number of Palestinians entering Gaza from Egypt, or what ratio of exits to entries it aimed to achieve, Reuters reported.

Israeli officials have spoken in the past about encouraging Palestinians to emigrate from Gaza, although they deny intending to transfer the population out by force. Palestinians ⁠are highly sensitive to any suggestion that Gazans could be expelled, or that those who leave temporarily could be barred from returning.

The Rafah ‌Crossing is expected to be staffed by Palestinians affiliated with the ‍Ramallah-based Palestinian Authority and monitored by EU personnel, ‍as took place during an earlier, weeks-long ceasefire between Israel and Hamas early last year.

The Israeli ‍prime minister's office did not immediately respond to a request for comment for this story. The military referred questions to the government, declining to comment.

The three sources said that Israel also wants to establish a military checkpoint inside Gaza near the border, through which all Palestinians entering or leaving would be required to pass and be subjected to Israeli ​security checks.

Two other sources also said that Israeli officials had insisted on setting up a military checkpoint in Gaza to screen Palestinians moving in and out.

The US Embassy in ⁠Israel did not immediately respond to a request for comment on whether Washington supported Israel in limiting the number of Palestinians entering Gaza or setting up a checkpoint to screen those entering and leaving.

Under the initial phase of Trump's plan, the Israeli military partially pulled back its forces within Gaza but retained control of 53% of the territory including the entire land border with Egypt. Nearly all of the territory's population lives in the rest of Gaza, under Hamas control and mostly in makeshift tents or damaged buildings.

The sources said that it was not clear how individuals would be dealt with if they were blocked by Israel's military from passing through its checkpoint, particularly those entering from Egypt.

The Israeli government has repeatedly objected to the opening of the border, with some officials saying Hamas must first return the body of an Israeli police officer held in Gaza, the ‌final human remains of a hostage due to be transferred under the ceasefire's first phase.

US officials in private say that Washington, not Israel, is driving the rollout of the president's plan to end the war.