UN Mediation Efforts in Sudan Faces Hurdles

People march on Pennsylvania avenue during an anti-coup protest after military took over the government of Sudan on 25 October, in Washington, DC, USA, 30 October 2021. EPA/GAMAL DIAB
People march on Pennsylvania avenue during an anti-coup protest after military took over the government of Sudan on 25 October, in Washington, DC, USA, 30 October 2021. EPA/GAMAL DIAB
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UN Mediation Efforts in Sudan Faces Hurdles

People march on Pennsylvania avenue during an anti-coup protest after military took over the government of Sudan on 25 October, in Washington, DC, USA, 30 October 2021. EPA/GAMAL DIAB
People march on Pennsylvania avenue during an anti-coup protest after military took over the government of Sudan on 25 October, in Washington, DC, USA, 30 October 2021. EPA/GAMAL DIAB

Sudan's army chief, Lieutenant-General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, and Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok are hampering the mediation efforts of the UN Special Envoy to Sudan, Volker Perthes, to resolve the political crisis in the country, sources in Khartoum said.

According to the sources, Hamdok stipulates that the dismissed government with its entire staff must return to their posts, all detained ministers and political leaders must be released, and calls for full commitment to the constitutional document before entering into dialogue with the army.

As for Burhan, he wants to form a government of technocrats.

However, the Forces of Freedom and Change, which includes the main national parties, supports Hamdok's demands and adheres to his return as head of the civilian government.

British ambassador Simon Manley stressed the urgent need for the top UN rights body to discuss the situation in Sudan since the army's October 25 power grab.

"We request that the Human Rights Council hold a special session this week to address the human rights implications of the ongoing situation in the Republic of Sudan," he said in a letter.

"A special session is needed because of the importance and urgency of the situation."

The Forces of Freedom and Change took a unanimous decision to bring down the "military coup," demanding justice for the martyrs and the injured.

The Central Council, the highest political body of the Forces, held a meeting at the National Umma Party in Omdurman, discussing the current situation.

The Council issued a statement demanding the return of the prime minister and his government to carry out their duties under the constitutional document, the immediate release of all detainees, and a return to the constitutional system that existed before October 25.

It affirmed its categorical rejection of any dialogue or negotiation with the army leadership.

Meanwhile, a South Sudan delegation, led by presidential advisor Tut Gatluak, met with Burhan and Hamdok to mediate between the military and the civilian leaders.

Burhan received a message from the President of South Sudan, General Salva Kiir Mayardit, dealing with Sudan's security, stability, and peace.

The Sudanese News Agency (SUNA) stated that during his meeting with Gatluak, Burhan lauded the significant role of South Sudan to support and ensure the success of the transitional period and its keenness to protect the achievements of the December Revolution and aspirations of the Sudanese people.

Gatluak said President Salva Kiir is monitoring the recent developments closely and with great concern, calling on all the parties to overcome the current political crisis.

He announced that the South Sudan delegation would hold several meetings with Hamdok and the Forces of Freedom and Change to discuss the root of the problem and bridge differences among all political parties.

Meanwhile, authorities rearrested Ibrahim Ghandour, head of Sudan's disbanded former ruling National Congress Party, a day after his release. Other Islamist allies of former president Omar al-Bashir were also released from prison.

Their release following the coup had come under criticism from opponents of military rule.

Burhan also dismissed the Public Prosecutor and seven prosecutors, while sources said that releasing these people came from the Prosecution without any official confirmation.

The government spokesman's office, still aligned with civilian authorities who were removed last week, said in a statement that the releases of the Bashir-era figures "represent a setback against the state of institutions and the rule of law."

"This step makes clear the political cover for the coup and its real ideological orientation," the office said.

Military authorities did not respond to the request of the office of lawyer Ali Mahmoud Hassanein to interview detained civil leaders.

The US Embassy in Khartoum said it monitored a military raid on a resistance committee in the al-Shajara al-Hamdas neighborhood in Khartoum on October 31 resulted in an unknown number of arrests and injuries.

Movement in and around Khartoum has improved since October 30, said the statement, noting that the Embassy has received unverified reports that several bridges are open while others remain blocked by the military.

"Military checkpoints remain in place, and protesters continue to form their own roadblocks in and around Khartoum. The Embassy has received reports that the road connecting Egypt and Sudan has been blocked by protesters."

"The road to Port Sudan is reportedly no longer blocked by the Beja Tribal Council, but it is not yet confirmed that the route is accessible," it reported.



First Egypt-EU Summit Aims to Strengthen Strategic Partnership  

Egypt's President Sisi is welcomed upon his arrival in Brussels on Tuesday. (Egyptian Presidency)
Egypt's President Sisi is welcomed upon his arrival in Brussels on Tuesday. (Egyptian Presidency)
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First Egypt-EU Summit Aims to Strengthen Strategic Partnership  

Egypt's President Sisi is welcomed upon his arrival in Brussels on Tuesday. (Egyptian Presidency)
Egypt's President Sisi is welcomed upon his arrival in Brussels on Tuesday. (Egyptian Presidency)

Egypt’s ties with the European Union are entering a new phase of cooperation with the first-ever Egypt-EU summit, led by President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, set to be held in Brussels.

The summit, described by the Egyptian presidency as “historic”, follows months of repeated European financial support for Cairo and is expected to deepen their strategic partnership and expand opportunities for cooperation amid global upheaval, according to former Egyptian diplomats who spoke to Asharq Al-Awsat.

They said the meeting would also address regional political crises.

Sisi arrived in the Belgian capital on Tuesday to head Egypt’s delegation at the summit, scheduled for Wednesday, the presidency said in a statement.

Presidential Spokesman Ambassador Mohamed el-Shennawy said the “historic summit - the first of its kind between Egypt and the EU - crowns the comprehensive strategic partnership officially launched in Cairo in March 2024.”

On the sidelines of the visit, Sisi will hold a series of key meetings with senior EU officials, a number of European leaders, and the King of Belgium to solidify frameworks for cooperation and political coordination on regional and international issues of common concern.

The visit also includes “a pivotal economic component,” with a major economic forum to be held on the sidelines focusing on investment opportunities in Egypt. The forum will bring together leading European corporations and business executives and will discuss Egypt’s vision for combating irregular migration, according to the presidency.

Trade between Egypt and EU member states reached about $31.2 billion in 2023, according to data released by Egypt’s statistics agency last March.

The EU remains Egypt’s leading investor, with accumulated investments of around €38.8 billion, roughly 39% of Egypt’s total foreign direct investment (FDI). Egypt is the EU’s second-largest FDI recipient in the Middle East and North Africa region, according to the EU Delegation in Cairo.

Ambassador Mohamed Higazy, a member of the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs and a former assistant foreign minister, said the summit reaffirms the bilateral partnership agreement and represents a key opportunity to enhance cooperation between the two sides.

In March 2024, Sisi and the European Commission signed a declaration upgrading Egypt-EU relations to a “Comprehensive Strategic Partnership,” in the presence of the prime ministers of Cyprus, Greece, Italy, and Austria. The agreement outlined cooperation in six areas: political relations, economic stability, investment, trade, migration, and security.

Ambassador Gamal Bayoumi, former secretary-general of the Egypt-EU Partnership Association and a former assistant foreign minister, said the summit carries significant weight as “the first of its kind,” adding that no similar summit has ever been held with any Mediterranean country before.

He said the meeting reflects “a clear intent to accelerate cooperation with Egypt across multiple sectors.”

Bayoumi expected the summit to result in greater European investment in Egypt, expanded collaboration, and increased trade volumes between the two sides.

In March 2024, the EU announced an €8 billion financial support package for Egypt, covering trade and investment sectors over the coming years. Egyptian Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly said in January 2025 that Cairo had received an initial €1 billion tranche from a €7.4 billion EU financing package.

On May 20, EU lawmakers and member states reached an agreement to provide Egypt with €4 billion ($4.5 billion) in loans to bolster its economy and strengthen cooperation under the strategic partnership.

The European Parliament said in a statement that “a short-term loan of up to €1 billion was disbursed at the end of 2024, and an additional loan of up to €4 billion will now follow.” Cairo will have a repayment period of up to 35 years, it added.

Higazy said the coming period will witness “broader cooperation between both sides, especially in investment,” describing the European aid and financing packages as a recognition of Egypt’s regional importance and a commitment to supporting its economy and future.

Bayoumi, who led Egypt’s negotiations with the EU for the 2001 partnership agreement, said economic issues would likely take priority among the summit’s agenda items, with prospects for success bolstered by Europe’s continued backing of Cairo amid regional turmoil.


Assassinations Despite Truce: Hamas Fears ‘Lebanon Scenario’ in Gaza  

A picture taken from an undisclosed position in southern Israel along the border with the Gaza Strip shows the destruction in the besieged Palestinian territory on October 21, 2025. (AFP)
A picture taken from an undisclosed position in southern Israel along the border with the Gaza Strip shows the destruction in the besieged Palestinian territory on October 21, 2025. (AFP)
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Assassinations Despite Truce: Hamas Fears ‘Lebanon Scenario’ in Gaza  

A picture taken from an undisclosed position in southern Israel along the border with the Gaza Strip shows the destruction in the besieged Palestinian territory on October 21, 2025. (AFP)
A picture taken from an undisclosed position in southern Israel along the border with the Gaza Strip shows the destruction in the besieged Palestinian territory on October 21, 2025. (AFP)

Israeli airstrikes over the past three days in various parts of the Gaza Strip were not entirely random and targeted several key Hamas operatives, killing five “influential” field commanders and seriously wounding another, sources within Palestinian factions, including Hamas, told Asharq Al-Awsat.

All six men were members of the Ezzedine al-Qassam Brigades, Hamas’s military wing, the sources said.

According to Hamas sources, the movement’s leadership believes Israel may be attempting to “replicate the Lebanese scenario” in Gaza - a reference to Israeli strikes and assassinations against Hezbollah targets in Lebanon despite the declared ceasefire between the two sides.

A Hamas source said that on Sunday, Israel used a suicide drone to assassinate Taj al-Din al-Wahidi, the deputy commander of the “Western Battalion” in Jabalia, which belongs to the Qassam Brigades. Al-Wahidi was killed while inside an apartment near Gaza City’s port area, the source said.

The source described al-Wahidi as the “de facto commander” of the battalion, who oversaw a series of operations against Israeli forces during the war, personally supervising both planning and execution. He had survived multiple previous assassination attempts and was among those who directed the October 7, 2023, assault on Israel’s Zikim military post, the source added.

A separate Hamas source said another drone fired at least one missile at a group of four senior Hamas operatives, killing all four and critically wounding their field commander - the leader of an elite company within the Eastern Battalion in Jabalia.

The men had been gathered near a beach resort in the central Gaza town of al-Zawaida. All were residents of the Jabalia refugee camp and had been assigned various combat missions during the war, the source told Asharq Al-Awsat.

The wounded commander, who remains in critical condition, is a wanted man from a prominent pro-Hamas family in Jabalia, the source added. He and his group were the last remaining active cell from the Eastern Battalion in the camp.

According to the sources, the cell had recently been tasked with targeting the al-Samaana gang, one of several armed groups operating in Jabalia and Beit Lahia that Hamas accuses of collaborating with Israel.

‘Lebanese scenario’

Hamas sources did not rule out that Israel’s insistence on maintaining security control over Gaza could be part of a broader strategy to “recreate the Lebanese experience” by carrying out assassinations of field commanders and activists under the pretext of preventing Hamas from rebuilding its military capabilities.

“The assassinations carried out last Sunday confirm Israel’s intention to continue this pattern,” one source told Asharq Al-Awsat. “It may use the issue of disarmament as a pretext to conduct future strikes inside Gaza, just as it has done in Lebanon.”

While Hamas sources expressed confidence in Arab and Islamic mediators, they said the movement still does not trust the United States, which “has often allowed Israel to pursue its plans,” even if Washington is now discouraging a return to all-out war.

“The scenario unfolding in Lebanon could well be repeated in Gaza,” one Hamas source said. “That is why the movement’s leadership insisted throughout negotiations on a complete ceasefire, with clear guarantees from all mediators, including the US - guarantees that Hamas ultimately secured during the Sharm el-Sheikh talks.”

‘No turning back’

A field source said Israeli violations could have a “limited impact” on the current ceasefire but stressed that Hamas remains committed to the truce.

“The movement does not want to go backward but to move forward,” the source stressed. “However, Israel’s actions on the ground and its aggressive behavior are affecting the situation and could lead to a brief period of reciprocal clashes before mediators intervene again, as happened last time.”

“It is unreasonable for the world to dwell on what happened in Rafah, when the details remain unclear, while ignoring Israel’s daily violations that have killed dozens of civilians across the Strip for no reason other than killing,” the source added.

The Hamas and factional delegation, currently in Cairo, is expected to continue discussions with senior Egyptian officials to ensure that the ceasefire is “clearly defined and prevents Israel from manipulating it at will, as it does in Lebanon,” the source said.


Hamas Says Dealt ‘Severe Blow’ to Group It Says Collaborated with Israel

 A drone view shows the destruction in a residential neighborhood, after the withdrawal of the Israeli forces from the area, amid a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas in Gaza, in Gaza City, October 21, 2025. (Reuters)
A drone view shows the destruction in a residential neighborhood, after the withdrawal of the Israeli forces from the area, amid a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas in Gaza, in Gaza City, October 21, 2025. (Reuters)
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Hamas Says Dealt ‘Severe Blow’ to Group It Says Collaborated with Israel

 A drone view shows the destruction in a residential neighborhood, after the withdrawal of the Israeli forces from the area, amid a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas in Gaza, in Gaza City, October 21, 2025. (Reuters)
A drone view shows the destruction in a residential neighborhood, after the withdrawal of the Israeli forces from the area, amid a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas in Gaza, in Gaza City, October 21, 2025. (Reuters)

Palestinian movement Hamas said Tuesday its so-called Radea security force had "dealt a severe blow" to an armed group in Gaza it accuses of collaborating with Israel.

In a statement, Hamas said its Radea security force carried out an "operation early Tuesday morning in the southern Gaza Strip, targeting the militia of fugitive Yasser Abu Shabab".

Hamas added that it arrested "a number of members" of Abu Shabab's Popular Forces group during the operation and confiscated "military equipment and tools used in their subversive activities".

The statement added that the operation was carried out "as part of the ongoing deterrence operation against dens of treason".

Hamas recently established the Radea unit, whose name translates to "deterrence" and whose purpose it says is to "enforce order".

Clashes broke out early last week in Gaza City’s Shujaiya neighborhood between the Radea force and several armed groups, including that of Yasser Abu Shabab, which Hamas accuses of looting and receiving weapons from Israel.

Abu Shabab's Popular Forces originally started operating in Gaza's southern Rafah governorate and was accused of aid looting.

In July, Abu Shabab said his group was able to move freely in zones under Israeli military control and communicated their operations beforehand.

Israeli authorities themselves acknowledged in June that they had armed Palestinian gangs opposed to Hamas, without directly naming the one led by Abu Shabab.

Since the ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas in the Gaza Strip on October 10, the movement has sought to reassert its presence on the ground and reaffirm its control over the devastated Palestinian enclave.

Last week, Hamas' official television channel broadcast images of what it said was an execution of eight "collaborators", shot in front of a crowd in a Gaza City street.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Saturday that the war in Gaza would not be over until Hamas disarms as the US-brokered ceasefire deal stipulates.

Hamas has not directly addressed the issue since US President Donald Trump presented the plan two weeks ago.